Interferência de diferentes tratamentos comerciais e períodos de armazenamento sobre os parâmetros fisiológicos de sementes de soja

Abstract

The use of pathogen free seeds with high germination and vigor are fundamental requirements for obtaining crops with adequate population, uniform stand and consequently good yields of the soybean crop. The use of chemical treatment through seeds is a primordial practice advocated in soybean cultivation. The present work had as main objective to evaluate the effect of the interference of different commercial treatments and storage periods on the physiological parameters of soybean seeds. Four industrial seed treatment standards were used as basis for the development of this study, which include the main indications of seed treatments used for soybean cultivation. All products were applied according to the dosage recommended by the manufacturers. The seeds used for the treatment were cultivar PIONEER 95R51 crop 2015/2016. After the process of seed treatment, the seeds were submitted to physiological tests as proposed by the RAS 2009. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, and the germination and vigor classification was performed with eight replicates of 50 seeds, length of seedlings with four replicates of 25 seeds and, finally, the determination of the dry matter mass, obtained excluding the cotyledons of the aerial part of the seedlings, after the measurements of seedling length. The chemical treatments interfere in the germination reduction and seed vigor of PIONEER 95R51 soybean, being variable according to the commercial treatment used and the time in which the treated seeds remained stored. The treatments with Imidacloprid + Thiodicarb + Carbendazin + Thiram + Polymer + Dry Powder and the treatment with Bifenthrin + Imidacloprid + Thiophanate-Methyl + Fluazinan + Polymer + Dry Powder have already been shown to cause reduction in seed germination. Treatment with Fipronil + Polymer + Dry Powder the effect of germination reduction occurred after 60 days and for treatment with Thiamethoxam + Metalaxyl-M + Fludioxonil + Polymer + Dry Powder after 90 days of storage. It is therefore recommended that the seed treatment be carried out preferably close to sowing.