Participação ativa cidadã na gestão de riscos de desastres no estado do Paraná: uma análise de percepção à luz da campanha "Construindo Cidades Resilientes"

Abstract

Disaster risks, which are essentially structured in the exposition and the vulnerabilities resulting from the global development model in combination with the threats derived from the nature and/or the human activities, are one of the major challenges to be faced today, since the disasters has resulted in significant worldwide losses and damages. At that, initiatives that seek to reduce the risks of existing disasters, prevent new risks and manage residual risks to acceptable standards are observed in all the government levels, strengthening coping capacities and resilience to society's disasters. As those who suffer directly from the impact of disasters are the people affected, especially the poorest, it is understood that social participation in disaster risk management is fundamental for guaranteeing legitimacy and effectiveness in the processes of diagnosis, planning and implementation of public policies. In this context, this research aims to understand the perception of active citizen participation in the management of disaster risks in the state of Paraná in the light of the Campaign "Building Resilient Cities - My City Is Preparing", promoted throughout the globe by the United Nations Office to Disaster Risk Reduction. For this purpose, questionnaires were applied with open and closed questions to certain institutional representatives of the Organs that compose the State System of Protection and Civil Defense (SEPDEC) of Paraná, in order to subsidize qualitative analyzes represented by statistics, comparisons and correlations pertinent to the theme and the outline scenario. About the formal classification of the research, we have the characterization of a field study with documentary and bibliographic secondary delineations, of applied purpose, of general exploratory-descriptive purpose and qualitative approach. The results show that the active citizen participation in the management of disaster risks in the state of Paraná is considered relevant, but it is not promoted and widely diffused by those who owe it, proving the major premise initially formulated. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a need to improve within SEPDEC the understandings about the importance, possibilities and opportunities that participatory management of disaster risks can offer, establishing and widely disseminating channels and mechanisms of social participation structured in a simple and functional way.