Tratamento simplificado de água utilizando Moringa oleifera Lam. para clarificação

Abstract

Water is used by the population for various purposes, being an important factor for quality of life, but when not treated properly it can be a means of transmitting diseases. To aid in the removal of color and turbidity from the water, the chemical coagulants are widely used, because they have a great cost benefit, but on the other hand, these coagulants result in large concentrations of aluminum in the sludge generated. An alternative is to combine new coagulants to decrease and even eliminate the use of chemical coagulants. Nine trials were conducted with concentrations of organic coagulants, selected two that obtained better results, to combine them with the chemical coagulant aluminum sulfate. Moringa oleifera is an efficient organic coagulant in the clarification of surface waters, being more efficient with high initial turbidity values. For smaller turbid water, around 10 to 15 NTU, the best option is the combination of organic and chemical coagulants. The moringa coagulant, concentration of 300mg / L, plus chemical coagulant, aluminum sulphate (1g / L), obtained high color removal and turbidity, reaching 84.2% and 85.9% efficiency with final value of 13.2 Pt-Co and 2.7 NTU, respectively, which according to Ordinance No. 5 of 2017 of the Ministry of Health, is water suitable for human consumption.