A formação inicial de professores de ciências e o ensino de física dos anos finais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

Science is characterized as a human production, whose main objective is the construction of scientific knowledge – concrete and systematized. It is divided into several branches, such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy, among others. In elementary school, the contents of Natural Sciences are presented in the school subject of Sciences. Although it constitutes a specific school discipline, its interdisciplinary character is evidenced by the different branches that compose it, and should be taken into account both in the choice of contents to be worked on and in the initial training of the teacher who teaches it, as it is in this discipline that students students will have contact with information that allows them to understand, explain and solve different situations of daily life related to the natural sciences. Considering the importance of teacher training, this research aims to characterize how Physics appears, both in academic training, and in teaching work in the final grades of Elementary Education in the state of Paraná. Qualitative in nature, it was developed in four stages: bibliographic review, data collection of official documents on teacher education and science teaching, information gathering on Biological Sciences Degree courses in selected institutions and, finally, treatment and data analysis. Data analysis was carried out based on Content Analysis, which makes it possible to identify the presence of elements related to the conditions in which undergraduate students are being trained and their relationship with school science content and its teaching. Among the interpretation propositions, it can be highlighted that the results showed that the courses, in general, seek to provide a strong theoretical contribution in the area of Biology, giving little emphasis to the disciplinary and curricular knowledge of Physics, consequently training Science teachers with a restricted view on the school knowledge of this discipline.