Índice agroambiental para avaliar o uso de agrotóxicos (IAA) no Estado do Paraná

Abstract

Brazil is among the three largest consumers of pesticides in the world. There is currently no agri-environment index for pesticides use in the country capable of reflecting its impacts on natural systems.The general objective of this research was to develop a methodology for the monitoring impact of pesticides use in agriculture on the Paraná State environment. The study also considers the specific objectives: i) to propose the the agro-environmental index for monitoring the use of pesticides in river basins; ii) to investigate the list of indicators that subsidize the monitoring of the use of pesticides; iii) to geospatial data in the basin under study through thematic maps. The research proposed the creation of an index based on three agri- environmental indicators: a) indicator 1 - average amount of kilos/liters of pesticides per hectare of arable area expressed in the agronomic prescription of formulated products; b) indicator 2 - potential environmental hazard of pesticides and c) indicator 3 - annual average rainfall of each municipality to represent a greater or lesser degree of run-off potential. The research was carried out in two stages: the calculations part and cartographic production (thematic maps). In the calculation part, a methodology was developed to tabulate a large dataset derived from Monitoring System of the Trade and Use of Pesticides in the State of Paraná - Siagro, to subsidize the indicators. In the cartographic part, the thematic maps were produced to facilitate the visualization of geospatial information. The study demonstrated that it is possible to use the index to list priority municipalities for agro-environmental risk management within a river basin, translating a large amount of data into the established biennium. In this way, the main contribution of this work is the proposal of error reduction method in the modeling of pesticides indicators of use currently in the country. It was concluded that the index can be used to subsidize the risk management of the use of pesticides not only for use in river basins, but other areas of study that have concern about the impacts of the use of pesticides.