Viabilidade econômica da implantação de um sistema de geração de energia elétrica a partir de biogás gerado em um abatedouro de aves

Abstract

Recently, the residual biomass is becoming a major field of study because it can be used as an alternative source of energy. Citing as an example, the use of the biogas generated in anaerobic lagoons of industries, it is a process that can be evaluated for their ability to use energy and revenue generation. Knowing this, the work was to study the process of generating electricity from biogas generated in anaerobic digesters ponds adapted for a fridge of birds as well as the possibility of this venture into the carbon market. From the model of methane generation in anaerobic lagoons, we evaluated the potential for generation of biogas effluent. Using the methodology of the annualized cost of investment, both the capture of the biogas process when the process of power generation, you can assign a value to biogas and electricity generated by the system. The process studied is already in operation, with two digesters and three motor generators. To quantify the reduction in tons of carbon, we used the methodology ASM-III.H. Based on the methodology used, we found a potential to generate biogas from approximately 84 cubic meters of biogas, and from that amount of gas, he met a cost of R $ 0.161 per m³ of biogas and R $ 0.415 per kW of electricity generated by the system, considering a payback time of 10 years. Knowing the rates applied by the power utility, we obtained a rate of return (IRR) of 4.88% for an investment payback time of 10 years, compared to the interest rate applied to the investment of 7 %, it is concluded that this process is not economically viable. However, the company falls under the CDM, with possibility of entering the carbon market, resulting in a reduction of 9,860 tons of carbon per year, generating revenues of approximately R $ 242,572.00 a or years, enabling the full investment, suggesting a NPV of R $ 1,611,815, 23 and an IRR of 36.5%