Caracterização fisiológica e conservação de sementes de oito fruteiras nativas do bioma floresta com araucária

Abstract

The Brazilian native fruits have potential use in agriculture, but it is little exploited commercially. In this sense, it should be encouraged studies for use in future breeding programs and obtain of technologies for its cultive. The aim of this work was to study the seed physiological characterization from native fruits Araucaria Forest Biome, as well as, it to test methods for seed storage. The work was carried out at Plant Physiology Laboratory and Nursery Sector of UTFPR - Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. It was use seeds physiologically mature fruits Brazilian native from guabiju tree, guabiroba tree, Surinam Cherry tree, Cabinho and Hybrid jabuticaba tree, Native cherry tree, Native plum tree and sete capote tree. The fruits were harvested according period yield, in Southwest region of Paraná State. It was carried out four experiments, it being the first to identify the critical moisture content that affect seed germination, through the experimental design completely randomized, with 12 treatments and 4 replications of one hundred seeds by plot. The second was to evaluated the seed viability during 18 months through the PET® bottle (300 mL) and white waxed paper bag as storage packing and, the cassava starch biofilm application or not. The experimental design was blocks completely randomized, in factorial 2. x 2 x 18 (storage packaging x biofilm x storage time), with 4 replications of one hundred seeds by plot. In the third was dormancy study through it technical test for seeds break dormancy from eight fruit Brazilian trees, with or without light. The fourth experiment was realized for Tetrazolium test validation with jabuticaba fruit and Native cherry seeds stored. The greater and more rapid moisture content reduction decreased the guabiju seed tree, Hybrid and Cabinho seeds jabuticaba tree and Native plum tree germination process. However, new studies will be necessary to assess the seed viability on condition of lower moisture content. The PET® bottle permitted greater conservation, it increased the seed germination. The biofilm can be consider promising technique to increase germination efficiency of Native fruit cherry. The native Brazilian fruit seed species didn't have dormancy, except for sete capote fruit tree that presented morf were considered capoteiro showed physiological dormancy controlled by photoblastic negative response, it have germination only in the light absence. The Cabinho jabuticaba fruit (P. trunciflora) seeds vacuum packed maintains its viability about thirty five days. The Tetrazolium test presented viable and faster to evaluated the Native cherry and Cabinho jabuticaba fruit seeds viability.