Análise de texto humorístico à luz interacionismo sociodiscursivo: o humor a partir do contexto de produção e das vozes

Abstract

In an increasingly technological world in which communication takes place through a click, it is perceived the importance of approaching genres that circulate in the media sphere, following the guidelines of the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC, BRAZIL, 2018). This document guides the study of the textual genre to follow an enunciative-discursive perspective, treating teaching work in a contextualized way and using the various media as educational tools. In this sense, this research has as its general objective to conduct a study on some linguistic-discursive phenomena in a humorous text taken from a blog of the digital media sphere. We started from the problem that students often have difficulties in understanding humor in texts such as the one we analyzed. Including, for this reason, they can be shared, through social media, for other purposes, without identifying the effect of humor. For the development of this research, we sought theoretical and methodological basis in sociodiscursive interactionism, especially in Bronckart (1999), Schneuwly and Dolz (2011), among others, such as to conceptualize irony, from which we sought conceptions in Brait (2008), among others; in relation to humor, we relied on Possenti (2010), among others; to deal with ideology, we sought concepts mainly in Chauí (2008) and Volochínov (2017); on voices, we relied, among other authors, on Maingueneau (1997, 2004). As methodological procedures, we first made a pre-selection of texts from the blog The Piauí Herald, which comprises the period from March 2020 to June 2021, being selected a text produced in a context of a pandemic called Covid-19, having this theme. We delimited as specific objectives to characterize the context of text production, describe its general plan, discussing how the content is organized and, mainly, seeking to identify and interpret the voices found in the humorous text. The results show that, in order to understand the effects of humor in the analyzed text, it is essential to understand the socio-historical context in which it was produced, requiring a detailed study. We verified that the humorous text brings up controversial issues related to social practices in an ironic and humorous way through its textual organization and the verbal and non-verbal elements that compose it. We found that, through the identification and interpretation of voices, ideologies and criticisms are revealed about themes that are part of social relations, which can lead the subject/reader to reflect on the different situations of everyday life. It is expected that this research will contribute to other similar studies and to the work of the Portuguese language teacher, who will be able to use it as a tool for teaching reading and for the elaboration of didactic material, either from the text analyzed here or from other textual genres that circulate in digital media.