Análise comparativa da eficiência energética em transformadores de baixa potência

Abstract

In this work a case study regarding the energy efficiency comparison between a toroidal core transformer and a square core transformer. Both have as nominal data and characteristics: core wrapped, 110V-220V, 550VA, 60Hz, 268 turns in the primary winding and 536 turns in the secondary winding. The analysis was made through data collected from full load tests, vacuum tests, resistive load tests, simulations with FEMM programs, and analytically. The issues of core materials, winding materials, core type, winding type, material permeability, core size, core design, transformer fixation, and transformer utilization were raised. In calculating the point yield for a 406 Ω load the square core transformer yielded 67,61% while the toroidal core transformer yielded 73,92%. In tests with several resistive loads the toroidal transformer was more efficient. After the tests, calculations and simulations, it was possible to confirm that the toroidal core geometry is more efficient than the square geometry, as the separately arranged windings cause greater losses than the overlapping windings.