bachelorThesis
Efeito volátil de óleos essenciais no tratamento de sementes de tomate e no controle in vitro de Fusarium oxysporum
Fecha
2015-11-24Registro en:
HILMANN, Thyara Hilmann. Efeito volátil de óleos essenciais no tratamento de sementes de tomate e no controle in vitro de Fusarium oxysporum. 2015. 50 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, 2015
Autor
Hilmann, Thyara
Resumen
The use of chemicals to control plant pathogens has caused serious problems to the environment, thus arises the need to test natural products as an alternative control of plant pathogens. The objective was to evaluate the effect of essential oils in the treatment of tomato seeds and in vitro control of Fusarium oxysporum. Two experiments were conducted in the laboratory of plant pathology at the Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR during 2015. The tomato seeds were inoculated with the fungus Fusarium oxysporum for a period of 48 hours. Then they were treated by evaporation by essential oils to 16 treatments, and for that they have been arranged in lots of 20 seeds and 4 repetitions, packed in stainless crucible type packaging, the essential oil applied on filter paper. After exposure to volatile seeds, made up germination test, considering the percentage of normal, abnormal seedlings germinated more non-germinated and seedling size. The plant material was collected for biochemical analysis of total protein, the enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chitinase and β-1-3 glucanases. The second experiment was in vitro by applying essential oils on filter paper, laying out a F.oxysporum disc in the center of the plate containing PDA medium. We evaluated the growth or suppression of colony on the treatments. For both experiments the experimental design was completely randomized with four repetitions, the data were tabulated and submitted to the test ANOVA, Scott-Knott (p = 0.05). In the experiment which was held the treatment of seeds, thyme oils, Orange Pear, Artemisia, Pink Pepper, Clove, Lemongrass, Malaleuca, Ginger and Eucalyptus demonstrated action on improving germination related parameters. Other oils, with the exception of cinnamon that caused damage to seedlings, showed no interference. All essential oils have shown resistance induction potential, activating the route of the phenylpropanoids, through the action of FAL enzyme, a second resistance induction mechanism proven in this work was activation of enzymes hidriliticas chitinase and β-1-3 glucanases. In the in vitro experiment, thyme oils, lemon-Tahiti, Blonde, Artemisia, Pink Pepper, Clove, Cinnamon, Melaleuca, Ginger and Eucalyptus showed fungicidal effect, not occurring F. oxisporium development of mycelium in the middle. Since the essential oils of Pitanga, Orange Pear, Guacatonga and Lemongrass showed fungistatic potential. The essential oils of Priprioca and guava showed no action on the pathogen.