Patologias em alvenaria estrutural: estudo de caso sobre a influência dos procedimentos de execução

Abstract

The constructive method in structural masonry presents a simple execution technique, although it is still little used in Brazil. The knowledge of types of pathology, their causes, characteristics and consequences are extremely important to the success of development and growth of this method among the siteworks of the country. As a result, the scope of this work was to identify the presence of pathologies in structural masonry buildings, and analyze their relation with the execution methods. For such, the research was divided into two stages. The first one consisted on the inspection of the execution procedure of a multifamily residential construction in structural masonry for a period of three months, aiming to verifying the activities execution. Subsequently, it was developed the stage of inspection of the apartments already concluded, with three years of use, in order to identify the existing pathologies. The surveys occurred in a total of 47 apartments, being recorded the presence of pathologies such as cracks, moisture and infiltrations. Interviews were also conducted with the residents in order to verify their knowledge about the construction system and to identify the repairs performed in the apartments by the executing company. In results stage, it was observed that the causes of some cracks are directly related to the execution procedures, whereas other pathologies may have occurred as a result of poor design and low quality of the materials. Finally, it is hypothesized that the progress in the quality of execution of buildings in structural masonry is related to the level of qualification and previous experience of the labor. Therefore, it is believed that the adoption of these measures can significantly reduce the frequency of pathologies and increase the final quality of the buildings .