Tratamento de esgoto em reator anaeróbio híbrido (UAHB) submetido a variação de matéria orgânica e do tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH)

Abstract

Currently, 86% of Brazilian cities launch effluents at odds with the patterns of launches, defined by the CONAMA resolutions on 357/2005 and 430/2001. To reduce the numerous problems caused by inadequate evictions, several technologies have been developed. Hybrid anaerobic reactors with immobilized biomass and sludge blanket, technologies containing self-immobilized (UASB reactor) and immobilized cells, such as anaerobic filters. This study aimed to analyze the efficiency of synthetic sewage treatment in hybrid anaerobic reactor (UAHB) bench, using vinyl fiber interlaced as medium support. The reactor, with a useful volume of 17.7 L, was maintained at room temperature, and the feed tributary was maintained, synthetic simulating the sanitary sewage. Physicochemical parameters were analyzed: liquid temperature, pH, alkalinity to bicarbonate (AB), volatile acids (AV), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (DBO520), turbidity, total solids (ST), total suspended solids (SST) and ammoniacal nitrogen (N-amon). Nine temporal sampling profiles were performed, ranging from TDH to 45 h, 25 h and 12h, and ranging from affluent COD to 250 mgO2.L-1, 400 mgO2.L-1 and 850 mgO2.L-1. From statistical analysis ANOVA and Tukey test, it was possible to conclude that treatment with the highest HDT and higher affluent COD, presented the best results, with total solids removal efficiency, total suspended solids, COD and turbidity of 58.76%, 86.64%, 91.72% and 84.93%, respectively. It was concluded that the increase in the affluent volumetric organic load, together with the increase in TDH, contributes positively to the increase in the removal efficiencies of DQO, DBO520, total solids, total suspended solids and turbidity. On the other hand, the decrease in HDH contributes negatively, causing removal efficiencies to decrease.