Avaliação da qualidade de energia elétrica em instalações industriais

Abstract

The evaluation of power quality disturbances in industrial electrical installations has gained attention in recent decades, mainly due to the significant increase in non-linear loads. Based on this context, given the importance of power quality in industrial electrical installations, this research aims to evaluate the power quality in the metallurgical industry. For the industry analyzed in this study, the effects of power quality disturbances can directly influence its operation, resulting, for instance, in fines arising from low power factor. In order to quantify and evaluate the magnitude of the power quality disturbances present in the installation, Module 8 from the procedures of Electricity Distribution in the National Electric System (in Portuguese, PRODIST) is used as a reference, which presents the guidelines for power quality in low, medium and high voltage electrical systems, as well as the indicators and their maximum allowed values. The low power factor and the voltage and current harmonic distortions arising from non-linear loads stand out among the power quality disturbances analyzed. It was also found that the demand contracted by the industry is oversized. This research concludes with the presentation of typical solutions for the mitigation of power quality disturbances present in the analyzed installation, in addition to suggesting future works focusing on the analysis of the effects arising from harmonic current distortions and technical-economic feasibility studies for the proposed solutions.