Synthesis and characterization of Sn doped TiO2 photocatalysts: Effect of Sn concentration on the textural properties and on the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

Abstract

The synthesis by emulsion polymerization and the characterization by a battery of techniques of poly(butyl acrylate-co-silver acrylate) [poly(BuAc-co-AgAc)] ionomers are reported here. Reaction rates were fast and conversions around 90% were obtained in less than one hour, regardless of the initial ratio of butyl acrylate and silver acrylate employed (BuAc/AgAc = 90/10, 80/20, 70/30). Particle size was in the range of 176 to 200nm, depending on the BuAc/AgAc ratio. Ionomers formation was corroborated by infrared spectroscopy and inferred by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC disclosed that the poly(BuAc-co-AgAc) has two glass transition temperatures: one at ca. 49C due to relaxation of the ionomer backbone domains rich in BuAc and another ca. 35C due to the relaxation of the backbone domains where the AgAc-units content was higher. Young moduli increased as the copolymers became richer in AgAc. Antibacterial tests against Escherichia coli with the 90/10 (BuAc/AgAc) ionomer revealed that the bacteria population diminishes from 5 log CFU/mL to less than 0.3 MPN/mL after one hour of contact with the ionomers. Also, we demonstrated that the ionomers are excellent compatibilizers for making semiconductive films of n-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid-doped polyaniline (PANIDBSA)-poly(BuAc-co- AgAc) and poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) blends. The electrical conductivity of the blend films, which were homogeneous, rose as the AgAc content in the films increased. " 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.",,,,,,"10.1080/10601325.2012.714681",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/44938","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84866613205&partnerID=40&md5=5872c107a795829411fc54e8bddbe3ca",,,,,,"10",,"Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Pure and Applied Chemistry",,"876

884",,"49",,"Scopus

WOS",,,,,,"antibacterial activity; butyl acrylate; emulsion polymerization; Escherichia coli; Ionomers; semi-conductive polymeric film; silver acrylate",,,,,,"Synthesis by emulsion polymerization of poly(butyl acrylate-co-silver acrylate) ionomers and evaluation of their possible applications",,"Article" "46695","123456789/35008",,"Michel, C.R., Departamento de Física, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.U.C.E.I., Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jal. 44100, Mexico; Rios-Reyes, C.H., Departamento de Física, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.U.C.E.I., Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jal. 44100, Mexico; Luhrs, C.C., Departamento de Física, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.U.C.E.I., Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jal. 44100, Mexico",,"Michel, C.R.

Rios-Reyes, C.H.

Luhrs, C.C.",,"2004",,"Nanoparticles of CuO and Cu2O were prepared by a solution chemistry method, this required the dissolution of Cu(NO3) 22.5H2O in an aqueous solution containing CH 4-N2O). A precipitate was formed when temperature reached 75-80°C, which was identified as single phase material: Cu 2(OH)3NO3. Samples were annealed from 100 to 300°C in air and oxygen. At 300°C in air, the resulting sample was a mixture of Cu, Cu2O and CuO; while single-phase CuO was obtained at the same temperature, when flowing oxygen was used. CuO samples were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), showing an apparent particle size of approximately 0.1 ?m. By transmission electron microscopy, agglomeration of CuO nanoparticles were observed, revealing that micron-sized particles observed by SEM, were indeed formed by CuO nanoparticles, having an average size of 15 nm.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/44916","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2142660065&partnerID=40&md5=9832c818c057dac91cd84cc4b955a39e",,,,,,,,"Ceramic Transactions",,"259

268",,"154",,"Scopus",,,,,,,,,,,,"Synthesis and characterization by tem and hrtem of nanocrystalline CuO and Cu2O obtained by a precipitation method",,"Conference Paper" "46752","123456789/35008",,"Guadalupe Panduro Barón, J., División de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; Castellanos, P.M.J., División de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; Jesús Pérez Molina, J., División de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; Moore, E.G.P., División de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; Martínez, D.P., División de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; Figueroa, N.A.Q., División de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico",,"Guadalupe Panduro Baron, J.

Castellanos, P.M.J.

Jesus Perez Molina, J.

Moore, E.G.P.

Martinez, D.P.

Figueroa, N.A.Q.",,"2012",,"Background: Teenage pregnancy alters family dynamics because it is usually an unplanned pregnancy that significantly affects both the personal life of the teenager and in his social environment. It has been associated with increased risk and poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. Objective: This study was planned in order to determine which are perinatal and maternal complications of pregnancy in adolescents. Methods: Case-Control study in the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, from July 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011. The case group was formed with 550 postpartum adolescents ? 18 years who had had a pregnancy > 27 weeks, forming a control group of 550 postpartum women 20 to 30 years, and data were obtained by direct survey and analyzed with Chi2 statistical test and odds ratio. Results: There were fewer married adolescents, lack of support from their partners, less use of contraception, most addictions, increased frequency of premature rupture of membranes, threats of preterm delivery and respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn. There was no difference in the number of prenatal visits, type of birth, type of amniotic fluid and discomfort common in pregnancy. Conclusions: The teen pregnancy as well as maternal perinatal repercussions is a sociocultural and economic problem because they are students, dependent on their parents, without support from your partner and not using contraception, so new pregnancies continue to increase its complications.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/44973","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84872058995&partnerID=40&md5=b59db8a6497ec7507437068c2ef68711",,,,,,"11",,"Ginecologia y Obstetricia de Mexico",,"694

704",,"80",,"Scopus",,,,,,"Adolescent pregnancy; Adolescents; Teen pregnancy; Teens",,,,,,"Teenage pregnancy and perinatal maternal effects [Embarazo en adolescentes y sus repercusiones materno perinatales]",,"Article" "46744","123456789/35008",,"Inesta, E.R., Universidad de Guadalajara",,"Inesta, E.R.",,"2004",,"The role of science is examined as a special kind of knowledge, and the theoretically determined nature of scientific facts. The role of theory is analyzed in the individual practice of science, and some implications of this analysis are discussed about teaching science and scientific change.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/44965","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-71249128059&partnerID=40&md5=b1696fae8c0fc0d013d5358b019000c0",,,,,,"1",,"Revista Mexicana de Psicologia",,"5

14",,"21",,"Scopus

WOS",,,,,,"Categories; Competences; Facts; Mode of knowledge; Theory",,,,,,"Teaching research abilities: A merely methodological issue or a the oretical modulation problem? [La enseñanza de las competencias de investigation: ¿un asunto hleramente jsaetodológico o un problema de modulation teórica?]",,"Article" "46711","123456789/35008",,"Rangel-Vázquez, I., Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael, Atlixco No 1865, México 09340 D.F., Mexico; Del Angel, G., Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael, Atlixco No 1865, México 09340 D.F., Mexico; Bertin, V., Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael, Atlixco No 1865, México 09340 D.F., Mexico; González, F., Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael, Atlixco No 1865, México 09340 D.F., Mexico; Vázquez-Zavala, A., Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael, Atlixco No 1865, México 09340 D.F., Mexico; Arrieta, A., Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael, Atlixco No 1865, México 09340 D.F., Mexico; Padilla, J.M., Universidad Tecnológica del Centro de Veracruz, área de Tecnología, Av. Universidad Carretera Federal Cuitláhuac-La Tinaja No. 350, Cuitláhuac, Veracruz 94910, Mexico; Barrera, A., Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Av. Universidad, Número 1115, Col. Linda Vista, Apdo. Postal 106, Ocotlán Jal., Mexico; Ramos-Ramirez, E., Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato de la Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta S/N, Col. Noria Alta, Guanajuato, Gto. C.P. 36050, Mexico",,"Rangel-Vazquez, I.

Del Angel, G.

Bertin, V.

Gonzalez, F.

Vazquez-Zavala, A.

Arrieta, A.

Padilla, J.M.

Barrera, A.

Ramos-Ramirez, E.",,"2015",,"TiO2 and Sn-doped TiO2 materials were prepared by sol-gel method using titanium and tin alkoxides at different Sn concentration (0.1mol%, 0.5mol%, 1mol%, 3mol% and 5mol%). Samples were characterized by thermo gravimetric analyzer with differential scanning calorimeter (TGA-DSC), X-ray Rietveld refinement, N2 adsorption (BET), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopies technology and Raman spectroscopy. Only anatase phase was observed in pure TiO2, whereas anatase and brookite were obtained in Sn-doped TiO2 samples. Sn dopant acts as a promoter in phase transformation of TiO2. The Rietveld refinements method was used to determine the relative weight of anatase and brookite, and crystallite size as a function of Sn concentration after calcination of samples at 673K. It was also demonstrated the incorporation of Sn4+ into the anatase TiO2 structure. Sn4+ inhibits the growth of TiO2 crystallite size, which leads to an increase of the specific surface area of TiO2. From XRD analysis, the solid solution limit of Sn4+ into TiO2 is 5mol% Sn. The photocatalytic activity on Sn4+ doped TiO2 was determined for the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid reaction. The maximum in activity was attributed to the coexistence of anatase and brookite phases in the appropriate ratio and crystallite size. " 2015.