There is some evidence that people equipped with health literacy skills can help them navigate the health system and various disease prevention decisions and management decisions. It is paramount to implement infection (COVID-19) prevention. Mothers are considered the axes of family structure. They have a role in raising, educating children, caring for the house, and maintaining family members’ health. This study analyses the correlation between maternal health literacy (MHC) and COVID-19 preventive behavior (CPB) in Surabaya, Indonesia.