Desarrollo de una simulación para el control de una estación de carga modo 3 en CA para vehículos eléctricos

Abstract

This work covers a modeling of a mode 3 charging station control system under the IEC 61851-1 standard in alternating current for electric vehicles. The simulation makes use of free software tools, the communication process of the charging station with the electric vehicle is simulated in order to charge its batteries, the simulation also presents a validation and payment system to users who wish charge your electric vehicle using RFID technology and through a graphical interface. All the information about each recharge made will be stored on a free web server on the Internet and also on a local server as a backup method in case the station does not have a place that does not have Internet access. It is worth mentioning that this server will have a database to support all the necessary information such as load history that have been made in the station. The web server on the Internet will be based on the protocol that charging stations currently have known as OCPP, the web server will have an interface so that users can access their personal information, as well as charging history, balance, search for a charging station. available load in a given geographic area, ability to manage multiple stations, data validation to allow transactions, real-time information display in web browsers, card and transaction management. After the simulation process, a mode 3 charging station prototype was made under the IEC 61851-1 standard at 43 kW, the infrastructure of the charging station allows it to be located in public places. As safety elements, the station has an emergency button to stop EV charging, ground connections for the entire electrical system and a differential switch. The infrastructure of the station also allows it to be scalable, that is to say that in the future another charging system can be placed with its respective charging connector and thus charge two electric vehicles simultaneously. A study of charging infrastructures is carried out in mode 3, which are commonly referred to as semi-fast charging stations in AC under the IEC 61851-1 standard, while fast charging stations, which work in DC, are grouped under mode 4 of IEC 61851-23. To provide security to the station, several cases were simulated in which unsafe conditions could occur when charging the electric vehicle. Finally, a communication protocol is implemented between the charging station and a server, similar to the OCPP communication protocol, stored in the application platform as a Heroku service. This server has the capacity to manage multiple stations, data validation to allow transactions, display of information in real time in web browsers and data management such as users, cards, transactions, etc.