Cáncer de mama triple negativo con sus características mamográficas y ecográficas, y factores asociados. SOLCA-Cuenca 2009-2016

Abstract

Background. The worldwide incidence of breast cancer in 2012 was 1'671.149. Triple negative breast cancer is a distinctive subset of breast cancer that the receptor and hormone receptor unit (HER2). It constitutes 11% to 20% of all breast cancers. Objective. To determine the prevalence of triple negative breast cancer with its mammographic and ultrasound characteristics and its relationship with associated factors in the Cancer Institute SOLCA-Cuenca. Period October 2009-December 2016. Methodology and materials: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in 633 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of the Triple negative subtype was determined, the mammographic and ultrasound characteristics were identified, and its frequency was related to the associated factors. The analysis of the data was done using the data package with descriptive statistics SPSS version 20. Results: The prevalence of triple negative breast cancer was 13.11%. The most frequent mammographic presentation findings were the presence of an oval hyperdense nodule with darkened or microlobulated margins. In ultrasound, they were preferably hypoechoic nodules with an oval or irregular shape, microlobulated margins, with posterior acoustic reinforcement and annular vascularity. Having 3 or more children constituted a risk factor (PR: 1.59). Women who are overweight or obese may be less likely to acquire a tumor of this subtype (PR: 0.91). Conclusions: Triple negative breast cancer usually has common mammographic and echographic characteristics that could suggest its diagnosis. Associated factors such as parity and overweight can relate differently to this cancer subtype.