Valoración del estado nutricional e intervención dietética en adultos hipertensos del área número 2 - Barrial Blanco, Cuenca período 2011-2012

Abstract

Objective: Determine the nutritional condition and intervene in the diet of Hypertensive Adults, who are attending to the Health Center located in the Area Number 2-Barrial Blanco, Cuenca period 2011-2012; using the anthropometric valuation, dietary inquiry, arterial pressure measurement and providing DASH Diet.

Method and Materials: For the investigation, it had been used the action-intervention descriptive study, which has been performed from April 2011 to February 2012. The study was made with 96 Hypertensive Patients who take part in the nutritional programs. For data processing, it was performed at the beginning and at the end of the investigation nutritional inquires which were previously validated. Through this investigation, it was identified dietary practices, attitudes and level of knowledge about food in Hypertension. The results were analyzed using SPSS Windows 11.5 Software, Excel 2007 and FP2.

Results. The patients remained overweight in 45% of cases. Despite of this, the 63.54% of the people achieved weight loss. The Hypertension rates decreased whereas the normality went up of 11%, which can’t be attributed certainly to the effects of diet because 99% of patients were taking antihypertensive medication. In addition, there was a reduction of 25% in the intake of sodium and there was an increase of 24% in the intake of lean meat, 23% of low-fat milk, 8% of vegetables, 6% of nuts and seeds, 4% of fruits, and 2% of beans. This has improved the levels of calcium, potassium, and magnesium which are minerals that play an important role to prevent the effects of the Hypertension complications.