Determinación de los efectos de seis plaguicidas de amplio espectro sobre cuatro microorganismos benéficos con potencial para la recuperación de suelos agrícolas a nivel de laboratorio.

Abstract

The objective was to determine the type of impact that six types of pesticides have on four beneficial microorganisms, generally used in agriculture. The research was carried out in the Biological Sciences Laboratories of the Faculty of Natural Resources of Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo by using 4 species of fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Pleurotos ostreatus and Thichoderma harzianum), 1 growing medium of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), 1 concentration (single dose) and 3 repetitions (R1 , R1 , R3 ) giving a total of 84 experimental units. It was compared its development and growth expressed in colony diameters (cm) made in 84 petri dishes with the use of six different types of pesticides, reaching a greater growth of fungal species with the use of the pesticide Acephate. As results obtained of the growth and development of the four species of fungi with the use of different types of pesticides, it was obtained that for Acephate, the microbial growth was optimal; for Bright, Curacron, Glyphosate and Ridomil, the microbial growth was medium; and with the use of Vitavax the growth of the different species of fungi was minimal except for the species Trichoderma harzianum. The process developed to apply the six types of pesticides in beneficial fungi shows an adequate growth of the different beneficial microorganisms. For this reason the six types of pesticides are effective in the development and growth of each microorganism in direct relation with time, generating in the individual who practices agriculture as a way of life, a social, economic and environmental benefit. Concluding that Thichoderma harzianum is the microorganism with the most optimal characteristics to the management and development for a quality agriculture. For future research, it is recommended to use pesticides at different doses to know their different efficiency and effectiveness.