Elaboración de una práctica recomendada en procesos de caracterización de materiales ferrosos y no ferrosos para los equipos de laboratorio de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana

Abstract

The objective of the project was the elaboration of a recommended practice for the characterization of ferrous and non-ferrous metals for the laboratory equipment of the Salesian Polytechnic University, where guides were made with operating processes under the standard of each test. Metallographic samples were obtained from different operations, of which a cutting procedure was started for AISI 1018 steel, SAE 40 phosphor bronze and Prodax aluminum, according to the ASTM E3-95 standard with the IsoMet High Speed machine, varying speed and time parameters as iteration. The characterization of metals was carried out by means of a comparison between the results of the practice and standardized data. In the Foundry-Master Xpert equipment, the chemical composition of AISI 1018 steel with its main components, such as: sulfur, carbon, iron and manganese, was determined by spectrometry according to the ASTM E350 standard. For the metallographic structure, the ViewMet microscope was used with an optical magnification of 20x under the ASTM E1351-96 standard, as well as the chemical etching procedure according to the ASTM E407-99 standard for the samples obtained from the polishing process. In the measurement of hardness for the AISI O1 K460 and AISI 4340 steel specimens subjected to quenching and tempering, the Phase II durometer was used under the ASTM E18-03 standard. The results obtained were satisfactory because the specified standards of each standard were met in conjunction with the operation manuals for the development of the laboratory practice.