Participación comunitaria en la gestión de páramos en el marco del “Fondo de páramos, lucha contra la pobreza” en la provincia de Tungurahua, parroquia Pasa

Abstract

The present work is developed in order to know the process of the participation that the nine communities of the Pasa parish have had in the care and conservation of their communal moors during the 2010-2020 period. In Ecuador, access to water resources, existing in the páramos, have been the subject of notable disputes between the communities and sectors closest to them, due to the inequality in the rights that human beings have for access to water resources, many events have historically been described by the indigenous sector as the main entity in the struggle and dispute over water. The Sierra, being the central region of the country and at the same time a source of water resources for its mountains and moors, has had the greatest participation of indigenous movements, the intervention of national and international organizations, as well as the creation of different forms of organization with the sole purpose of conserving the ecosystems found in the páramos. The province of Tungurahua, being one of the smallest provinces in the country, is the Pasa Parish belonging to the Ambato canton, which is made up of nine communities that extend over an approximate area of 64 square kilometers; This parish is located in two altitudinal zones, one known as páramo and the other as buffer in which the production area is denoted that has a surface of 5405 Hectares.- There are 6,382 inhabitants among elderly men, women and children with a population economically active of 61.54% and that according to the data thrown by the INEC, 93.7% of the population is in poverty. Pasa Parish has been one of the sectors that have had a great notorious participation through an organizational political process and that has sought the responsible and equitable use of water resources, as well as the conservation of the moors belonging to the parish, for For this reason, the investigation has focused on this and its most relevant events that have arisen throughout the history of the Pasa Parish. The struggle of the moors and their lands in the Pasa parish began in 1960 with the process for the recovery and allocation of lands through agrarian reform with the help of the Ecuadorian Institute of Agrarian Reform; In 1988, the Corporación de Cabildos de Pasa was created, made up of the leaders of their communities, so that in 1992 the adjudication of an extensive territory of communal moors disputed between the San Fernando parish was achieved; In 1994, a percentage of the páramos were distributed to its nine communities for the development of agriculture and livestock in order to reduce poverty and malnutrition of its inhabitants. Since 2006, conservation policies for the Andean moors and water resources were created, with the community participation of external agents such as the HGPT (Honorable Provincial Government of Tungurahua), the CONAIE (Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador), the FMPLPT ( Páramos Management Fund and Fight Against Poverty of Tungurahua), the UOCAIP (Union of Peasant and Indigenous Organizations of Pasa), the UMIT (Union of Indigenous Movements of Tungurahua), allowing the Pasa parish to implement techniques for the management of the resources.