Infestação por moscas-das-frutas em frutos de goiabeira (psidium guajava L.) em comunidades urbanas e rurais do município de Mazagão/Amapá

Abstract

Brazil is one of the main producing countries of guava (Psidum guajava Linnaeus 1753), its production generates around 300 thousand tons of fruits. In the state of Amapá, the activity serves as food for the families of farmers, as well as to generate income to support these families. Therefore, it is important to carry out ecological and population studies of fruit flies and host surveys in order to contribute to monitoring actions aimed at controlling these pest species. This study aimed to evaluate fruit fly infestation in guava fruits in communities of Mazagão/AP. Monthly collections of guava fruits were conducted from April 2018 to March 2019 in the municipality of Mazagão. In the laboratory, the fruits were counted, weighed, placed in plastic trays, on a layer of sterile sand, covered with organza fabric. The material was examined every five days, and the pupae were removed and transferred to (clear plastic bottles containing a thin layer of moistened vermiculite. Subsequently, they were placed on shelves at room temperature and observed daily to obtain fruit flies. Emerged adults were sacrificed and preserved in 70% alcohol glass bottles for later identification Fruit fly specimens were identified based on the keys described by Zucchi; Uramoto; Souza Filho (2011). Guava samples totaling 389 fruits (19.3 kg), all of which had fruit fly infestation and 2,968 pupae from which 2,258 insects emerged, of which 2,219 Tephritidae specimens: Anastrepha Schiner, 1868 and Bactrocera Macquart, 1835) (1,172 males and 1,047 females). Anastrepha striata Schiner, 1868, A. fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), A. zenildae Zucchi 1979 and Bactrocera carambolae were identified. The index of guava fruit fly infestation ranged from 1.25 to 227.25. The species of fruit flies recorded infesting guava fruits in the municipality of Mazagão were: Anastrepha striata, A. fraterculus, A. zenildae and Bactrocera carambolae (Drew; Hancock, 1994). The most abundant Anastrepha species infesting guava fruits in the municipality of Mazagão was A. striata