info:eu-repo/semantics/article
The energetic brain – A review from students to students
Fecha
2019-10Registro en:
Bordone, Melina Paula; Salman, Mootaz M.; Titus, Haley E.; Amini, Elham; Andersen, Jens V.; et al.; The energetic brain – A review from students to students; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Journal of Neurochemistry; 151; 2; 10-2019; 139-165
0022-3042
CONICET Digital
CONICET
Autor
Bordone, Melina Paula
Salman, Mootaz M.
Titus, Haley E.
Amini, Elham
Andersen, Jens V.
Chakraborti, Barnali
Diuba, Artem V.
Dubouskaya, Tatsiana G.
Ehrke, Eric
Espindola de Freitas, Andiara
Braga de Freitas, Guilherme
Gonçalves, Rafaella A.
Gupta, Deepali
Gupta, Richa
Ha, Sharon R.
Hemming, Isabel A.
Jaggar, Minal
Jakobsen, Emil
Kumari, Punita
Lakkappa, Navya
Marsh, Ashley P. L.
Mitlöhner, Jessica
Ogawa, Yuki
Ramesh Kumar, Paidi
Ribeiro, Felipe C.
Salamian, Ahmad
Saleem, Suraiya
Sharma, Sorabh
Silva, Joana M.
Singh, Shripriya
Sulakhiya, Kunjbihari
Tefera, Tesfaye Wolde
Vafadari, Behnam
Yadav, Anuradha
Yamazaki, Reiji
Seidenbecher, Constanze I.
Resumen
The past 20 years have resulted in unprecedented progress in understanding brain energy metabolism and its role in health and disease. In this review, which was initiated at the 14th International Society for Neurochemistry Advanced School, we address the basic concepts of brain energy metabolism and approach the question of why the brain has high energy expenditure. Our review illustrates that the vertebrate brain has a high need for energy because of the high number of neurons and the need to maintain a delicate interplay between energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and plasticity. Disturbances to the energetic balance, to mitochondria quality control or to glia–neuron metabolic interaction may lead to brain circuit malfunction or even severe disorders of the CNS. We cover neuronal energy consumption in neural transmission and basic (‘housekeeping’) cellular processes. Additionally, we describe the most common (glucose) and alternative sources of energy namely glutamate, lactate, ketone bodies, and medium chain fatty acids. We discuss the multifaceted role of non-neuronal cells in the transport of energy substrates from circulation (pericytes and astrocytes) and in the supply (astrocytes and microglia) and usage of different energy fuels. Finally, we address pathological consequences of disrupted energy homeostasis in the CNS.