Estresse oxidativo e marcadores inflamatórios em indivíduos submetidos a teste máximo em esteira, com e sem o efeito da suplementação de cafeína

Abstract

Over the last few years research has revealed complex link between exercise and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the action of these on the antioxidant enzyme system seems to be directly related to their level of production. Oxidative stress has been associated with several diseases, including those that are specific to the nervous system, including neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, depression and anxiety symptoms. The exercise promotes the induction of the inflammatory response, by increases in serum levels of proin-flammatory cytokines, followed by release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Caffeine is a very common drug, and due to its ability to change the performance during exercise has been used as an ergogenic aid during sports competitions in various forms, and in high concentrations it can have antioxidant action "kidnapping" free radicals (RL) and thus, can protect the cell from oxidative damage because it can serve as antioxidant hydroxyl and peroxyl radical. Objective: To analyze the effect of caffeine supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, performance and physiological variables in young individuals undergoing two maximum testing on a treadmill separated by a week. Method: We performed a doubleblind clinical study and cross over with 24 active individuals 18-30 years old. The following comparisons were made: effect of exercise (week 1 x 2); effect of caffeine (GC x GP) for superoxide dismutase variables (SOD), thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 10 (IL-10), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP ) and diastolic (DBP), and total exercise time, the pre-exercise time (30 min after caffeine or placebo), and post-exercise (5 min. after maximum treadmill test) was used t-test unpaired and Mann Whitney for comparison of paired t test and Wilcoxon for comparison groups and individuals. Result: comparison between weeks 1 and 2: were increased in the first week: TBARS, IL-6 and IL-10 for GC and GP; when considering the test moments (pre-exercise and post-exercise), they were increased in the first week: TBARS in the pre- and post-exercise for both groups; IL-10 in the pre- and postexercise in the GC; HR and SBP pre-exercise GC and GP. Compared within the same week: individuals who have made use of caffeine (GC) had lower post-exercise TBARS values in the first and second week; IL-6 larger post-exercise values of participants taking caffeine (GC) in the first and second week. In paired analysis comparing test moments (pre and post-exercise) with and without caffeine intake, IL-6 showed higher post-exercise values of subjects who ingested caffeine. Conclusion: Supplementation with caffeine had protective effect against oxidative stress by reducing the TBARS and increased IL-6 levels, suggesting may be a stimulus for muscle hypertrophy by increasing this miocina.