Estudo retrospectivo de laudos de necropsias em animais domésticos e silvestres do LCDPA - julho de 2018 a dezembro de 2019

Abstract

The aim of this work was to analyze the anatomopathological alterations diagnosed in the Central Laboratory of Diagnosis of Avian Pathologies of the Federal University of Santa Maria (LCDPA / UFSM), relating to the type of creation, classes and families of animals, affected systems and origin of the alterations. The records of the 209 autopsies of wild and domestic animals carried out from July 2018 to December 2019 were examined. Wild and domesticated pets represented the majority of cases (84.21%), 68.43% of which were animals from conservationist farms. As for classes, 91.87% were birds, 6.70% mammals and 1.43% reptiles. The animals were classified according to their families, with Psittacidae being the most frequent, with 21.53% of birds, followed by Thraupidae (20.57%), Phasianidae (16.75%) and Columbidae (11 , 96%). The other 27 families were represented by one to eight individuals. The digestive system was the most affected by the changes (44.50%), followed by the respiratory (33.49%), musculoskeletal (14.83%), cardiovascular (13.40) and reproductive (4.30%). As for the origin of the changes, it was found that nutritional problems were present in 50.24% of the individuals, traumatisms 30.62%, parasites 20.10%, fungi 1.44%, bacteria or viruses 19.62%. In a high number of cases (52.63%), diagnosis was considered inconclusive because it was not possible to identify macroscopic lesions due to autolysis in part of the organs or in all, as well as in cases where macroscopic changes were not sufficient to take the animal to death. Necropsy results associated with case histories indicated management failures in 59.81% of deaths. Due to these indices, a chapter was prepared with general guidelines on management, biosecurity and also on collecting and sending corpses for necropsy, seeking to contribute to the conservation of wild and domestic species, in addition to the protection of public health. In addition, this work aims to contribute with clinical and pathologist veterinarians in the diagnosis of diseases found in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul.