Aplicação do geoprocessamento na detecção de áreas suscetíveis à ocorrência de inundações no município de Dom Pedrito, Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to detect areas susceptible to floods occurrence in Dom Pedrito, Rio Grande do Sul, through the use of geotechnologies.Thematic maps of clinography, hypsometry, geomorphology, pedology, land use and hydrography of the municipality were organized. For environmental analysis by weighted average, the following weights were considered: 22% for clinography, hydrography and geomorphology; 9% for hipsometry; 14% for pedology; 11% for land use. Scores from 0 to 10 were also assigned to the constituent classes of the maps. During the analysis, grades 2 to 10 were generated, which were later grouped into the following flood risk levels: grade 2 represented very low risk; grades 3 and 4 represented low risk; grades 5 and 6 formed medium risk; grades 7 and 8 represented high risk; grades 9 and 10 formed a very high risk. The major class of clinography found was 3 to 8% of slope. In the hypsometry map, the class of 100 to 200 meters stood out. The major class of geomorphology was the Ibicuí River Depression. The most representative class of pedology was the Carbonic Ebanic Chernosol. In the land use map, a field predominance was possible to verify. Through environmental analysis the predominance of medium risk of flooding in Dom Pedrito was verified. The classes of high and very high flood risk were detected in the urban area of the municipality. The use of Geoprocessing made it possible to detect areas susceptible to floods in the municipality.