Música, cognição e afetividade: um estudo junto a idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados

Abstract

This research analyzes the repercussion of the use of the music in the cognitive and affective conditions produced in groups (con) existence of institutionalized elderly' and no institutionalized, in the city of Pelotas/RS. It is a research of qualitative nature, developed a Group of residents together in an Institution of Long Permanence of Elderly and to participant elderly' of other group a Workshop of Cognitive Incentive, having the music as main work element. Were accomplished eight encounters an hour and a half with each group, with weekly periodicity, in the period of october to december of 2016. The encounters were recorded in video and transcribed orthographically, starting from which were identified and described the cognitive (attention/concentration, perception/gnosias, memoirs, general and fine praxias/motricitys, languages [verbal and no verbal], reasoning) and affective-emotional occurrences, presents in different moments of the workshops. The results of the participant groups were analyzed and separate microgenetically. It was verified that the institutionalized elderly' group needed of mediation to accomplish the proposed tasks; such a senior ones benefitted of the activities, improving the integration between them and the mediator, the attention/concentration, the verbalization and autonomy, as well as they noticed the lack of cognitive and affective activities systematic, as developed them in this study. The elderly no institutionalized accomplished the proposals immediately, recognizing the value of the work with music with respect to interaction, memory and other cognitive-emotional aspects. Therefore, it was evident the validity and the valorization of the work with music in both groups. It stands out that the regularity and the musical themes/contents approached in the encounters was an organizing factor of the expectation and quality of the involved elderly' life.