Ensino de sociologia na educação básica no Brasil: alguns apontamentos sobre seu histórico e as reformas educacionais

Abstract

This research work consists of a bibliographic review article on the subject, based on the context of educational reforms in different periods of Brazilian history, culminating in the current conjuncture of the reform of High School and the proposals of the National Common Curricular Base. The main objective of the research will be to identify the trajectory of Sociology in Brazilian basic education, as well as the socio-politicals moments, which occurred through the national educational reforms. The methodology used was the documental analysis of the different sources of the studied period, using the deductive method as a theoretical-methodological reference, based on the bibliographic survey of the literature, with document analysis. The results of the analysis were achieved through a qualitative approach research methodology; based on articles that addressed the theme, complementing with high school reform and the BNCC in the light of Sociology and its impacts on education. Thinking about the historical process of Sociology in Brazil, contributed to the understanding of the current reform of the New High School, which is in the process of being implemented in the states, with the curriculum based on the BNCC. For a better understanding of the historical trajectory of Sociology in the basic education curriculum from 1879-2021, highlighting five important periods, based on national educational reforms, with the theoretical collaborations of sociologist Florestan Fernandes and Fernando de Azevedo, graduated in Law. First, 1879-1941, institutionalization of the discipline; second, from 1942-1981, the intermittence of the discipline in the curriculum; third 1982-2007, gradual reinsertion of the discipline; fourth 2008-2017, national mandatory discipline; fifth 2017-2021, withdrawal of mandatory, considered as a setback.