Tese
Relação entre fatores de risco e desenvolvimento psicomotor, de linguagem e de cognição nos dois primeiros anos de vida
Fecha
2019-01-04Autor
Nunes, Sabrina Felin
Institución
Resumen
This thesis aimed to analyze the possible effects of psychic risk and clinical variables
such as Apgar 1 and 5 minutes, mechanical ventilation, intercurrence during
gestation, smoking during pregnancy, having toys at home and type of breastfeeding,
psychomotor development, cognitive and language, in infants of 18 and 24 months of
age. To do this, we performed correlation and association analyzes between the
results of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toodler Development®, Third Edition (Bayley
III) at 18 and 24 months and the results of the psychic tests, Program of Studies and
Research in Autism (PREAUT) at 9 months, Child Development Risk Indicators
(IRDI) (total score), Modified Checklist for Autism in Toodlers (M-CHAT) at 18 and 24
months, and clinical variables. The association between the Prechtl General
Movements Method (PGM) and Bayley III was also performed with the psychic and
study variables already mentioned. Statistical analysis with the Bayley III Scale was
composed of 47 infants, and this number varied according to participation in all
stages of the study. For the analysis with the PGM Method, the total number of
participating infants was 42. As a result of this research, 55.3% of the infants were
male and 44.7% female, the mean gestational age at birth was of 37 weeks and 1
day, of which 59.6% were born full term, 27.7% were premature, 8.5% were preterm
and 4.2% were preterm infants. Regarding the variables of the study, only
breastfeeding presented a statistically significant result with the Bayley III cognitive
test at 18 months (p = 0.048), with the mean being better in exclusive breastfeeding
(113.8), followed by the mixed (95.6) and artificial (86.2). Bayley III presented
association and correlation with the M-CHAT protocol, especially at 18 months,
showing that the better the results in Bayley III the lower the risks for M-CHAT, since
it addresses issues to parents regarding the presence / absence of children's skills.
No statistically significant differences were found between the results of the PGM
method at three months and the outcome with Bayley III at 18 and 24 months, since
PGM is more effective with very premature infants and who presented with important
neonatal complications. The results of this thesis allow us to conclude that it is
important to carry out joint evaluations of child development, because it is known that
the sooner the detection of some developmental risk / delay occurs, greater the
success of the intervention.