Modulação cultural do cuidado familial à criança dependente de tecnologia em saúde

Abstract

Objective: to interpret the cultural modulation of family care for children dependent on health technology in the different contexts in which they are inserted. Method: ethnographic study with a qualitative approach. The informants of the study were the technology-dependent children, their families and people around them, completing ten general informants and 5 keys. The selection of families occurred intentionally from the database of the researcher's master's dissertation. Data production completed 300 hours, in a period of 10 months, from June 2019 to April 2020 in Santa Maria. It started at the families' homes and the researcher was able to accompany them in their places of conviviality (school, health spaces and community). Participant observation and ethnographic interviews with field diary records were used, and the genogram and ecomap were used as collection instruments. For the interpretation of data, the following phases proposed by ethnonursing were followed: (1) collection, description and documentation of raw data; (2) identification and characterization of descriptors and components; (3) patterns and contextual analysis and (4) main themes, research findings, theoretical formulations and recommendations. Ethical precepts were respected in accordance with Resolution 466/12 and Resolution 510/16. The study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution with opinion number 3,319,351. Results: they were divided into two chapters, one dealing with the organization and family configuration, for the care of the child dependent on health technology, as well as the available support network. Families need the support of people beyond the family nucleus to guarantee care and consider the school and health services as part of this network. The second talks about the limits and possibilities found in the course of care, where socioeconomic difficulties arise, the lack of coverage on the part of public policies, mothers as main caregivers, fathers providers of sustenance, the social space being the space of care , the prejudice that still exists, the school inclusion of children, the lack of listening. Conclusion: families of children dependent on health technologies need to carry out cultural modulations to face the limits they encounter during the course of care and reinvent themselves within the family configuration and support network to transform these limits into possibilities to guarantee the quality of care. these children's lives.