A (re) estruturação dos meios navais e a formação militar naval: projetos implementáveis na busca da (re)construção de um “novo” paradigma educacional (1840-1885)

Abstract

The present thesis has among other purposes to historically analyze the basic, military, disciplinary and technical-professional training of apprentice-sailors from the period from 1840 to 1885 within the Brazilian Navy. It was necessary to better understand the experiences lived and felt developed by these young people within the apprentice-sailor companies, subject to state control by the officers from an institutional perspective. As a domain of history, “Cultural History” and “Political History” will be emphasized, since while one takes the broad approach of the group of illiterates and scholars who were part of the Navy, the other privileges the study of state power in the daily lives of those subjects. With the search for the Navy to improve its material and logistical means, with the modernization of ships knocking on its door, it concentrated its efforts on investment and training of human material mainly from the military social base. It is a qualitative and quantitative study, of an explanatory, analytical and narrative nature, in which theoretical-bibliographic and documentary research was carried out. The temporal delimitation was made considering the beginning of the first fixed body for training sailors, in 1840, and because of the process of consolidating this body as a School in 1885, being definitively adopted its teaching paradigm.The research was based on articles published in scientific journals, Dissertations, Theses and other works in different areas of knowledge of the humanities, in the “state of the art” examined the relationship between Apprentice, officers and ships with their peculiarities. Research sources were also ministerial reports, correspondence, decrees and letters in specialized archives and websites, intentionally chosen from these documentary sources that deal with the most evident themes in the delimitation period of the research. It was unveiled as it happened the events that covered the military organizations including public policies, going through the belligerent periods and what are the estimated changes, struggles and contradictions in the internal organization that they pleaded for the formation of a constructive mold of the future “professionals of the water world ”. I tried to understand the internal mechanisms of recruitment and control of the social subjects of this state institution. Anyway, to better understand their internal routines, I narrated problematizing their daily lives based on photographs, observing the harshness of military hierarchy and discipline and the conceptions of the world developed from the classifications of individuals by race, social origin and physical constitution.