Tese
Efeito do treino de força e resistência na língua com o uso do Iowa Oral Performance Instrument na doença de Parkinson
Fecha
2021-03-19Autor
Taucare, Exequiel del Carmen Plaza
Institución
Resumen
Parkinson's disease is a progressive pathology of the motor system caused by poor
dopamine production and is characterized by difficulty in coordination, potency, endurance
and muscle control. Given the neuromotor nature of the disease, the oral phase of
swallowing is affected, , in which multiple soft and bony structures act, including the tongue
that plays an important role, both in the formation of the bolus and in the propulsion to the
pharynx. Although numerous studies have focused their efforts on the analysis of the
phenomenon of food transit, it is still necessary to deepen the knowledge in this area. Based
on this premise, this study aimed to analyze the effects of a strength and resistance
intervention program for the tongue in subjects with Parkinson's Disease. This research was
approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Maria and the Speech
Therapy Clinic of the University of Talca, in Chile, where the collections were carried out.
Two groups were formed with subjects with Parkinson's Disease. Both performed
conventional tongue exercises and one with the addition of the Iowa Oral Performance
Instrument during training. The electrical activity of the suprahyoid muscles and tongue
pressure were pre-intervention, over 4 and 8 weeks of training, as well as in the 12th week,
investigating detraining. Quality of life related to swallowing was measured before and after
the intervention. It was found that all participants had lower tongue strength and endurance
than those found in studies with healthy individuals. Subjects in more advanced stages of the
disease had lower tongue strength. After the training, a significant increase in the electrical
activity of the suprahyoid musculature and lingual strength was found in the group that
performed the speech-language intervention associated with the Iowa Oral Performance
Instrument compared to the control. Likewise the quality of life related to swallowing
improved in the experimental group.