Prevalencia de dientes incluidos, retenidos e impactados, en radiografías panorámicas de la Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga de 2015 a 2017.

Abstract

Introduction: Inclusion, retention and impaction are oral alterations in which the teeth are not able to complete their eruptive process in a normal way. These alterations can result in a dentoalveolar discrepancy that can lead to localized pathologies. Objective: To determine the prevalence of teeth included, retained and impacted in panoramic X-rays of the Universidad Santo Tomás between 2015 and 2017. Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was performed, as the prevalence of third molars and canines included, impacted and retained in USTA panoramic radiographs was found in the period 2015 to 2017. A study of this type is considered because a prevalence was sought in a certain period of time. Results: The prevalence of teeth included, retained and/or impacted was 25.60% taking into account third molars and canines. In some patients more than one diagnosis was found. In the third molars 251 cases (25.1%) were found, being 26 (2.6%) included, 97 (9.7%) retained and 128 (12.8%) impacted; for canines 5 (0.05%) cases, which were impacted in their totality and the one that presented the most was the upper right canine with 3 (0.03%). The third molars including 70.83% (17 cases) and retained 47.67% (41 cases) were presented more frequently in the maxilla; on the other hand, those impacted had a higher prevalence in the mandible 43.59% (51 cases). In the event of inclusion, women predominated with 20 events (76.92) (p=0.016). For third molars the most common was the lower left (9.10%) with the impaction event. Conclusions: In total, 256 events were found, of which 251 were third molars; according to their event 26 included, 97 retained and 133 impacted, and 5 canines impacted. The tooth that occurred most frequently in the three events was the third lower left molar.