Características clínicas de pacientes con infección por Clostridium difficile en un hospital de IV nivel Bogotá 2015-2019

Abstract

Introduction: Clostridium difficile constitutes one of the main pathologies associated with hospital care in developed countries, in Colombia there are few studies, an affected population was characterized. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study, which describes the clinical characteristics of patients who presented this pathology in the IV level hospital in Bogotá from 2015 to 2019. Results. 243 cases were collected, 198 of the first time and 45 recurrences, the mean age was 62.4 years, 66.2% corresponded to the female gender. In 72.5% the symptoms were less than 10 days, mainly abdominal pain and diarrhea, 86.4% took a previous antibiotic, the suspension time and the appearance of symptoms was less than 7 days in 75.7% of the cases. 35% consumed ampicillin sulbactam, 25% piperacillin tazobactam, meropenem 15%, ertapenem 8.5%, linezolid 5.26% and 3.29% amoxicillin clavulanic acid. 85.8% had enteral nutrition, 11% mixed and 3.2% parenteral, 94% consumed proton pump inhibitors. Diabetes mellitus, kidney and heart failure, and immunosuppression were the main risk factors. The main diagnostic method was the polymerase chain reaction. 96% received antimicrobial treatment vancomycin and metronidazole. Hospitalization in 42.6% was longer than 21 days. 83% did not require admission to the ICU, there were 7 deaths in the 5 years. Conclution: Consumption of antibiotics widely related to this pathology, one must be cautious when formulating them, to avoid putting patients at risk, increasing hospital stay and the use of health resources.