Moderate Versus High Intensity Interval Exercise Training Reduce the Clinical Components of Metabolic Syndrome In Previously Physically Inactive Adults. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

The 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee systematically searched for reviews of the existing literature to assess the relationship between high intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT), or resistance training ( RT) and reduced risk of cardiometabolic disease. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether 12 weeks of HIIT, RT, combined training (CT = HIIT + RT), or an NG plan induced an improvement in risk factors for metabolic syndrome, vascular function, and fitness. physical activity in sedentary and overweight patients and compare the responses between the four intervention groups. METHODS: The study included a total of 57 sedentary subjects with abdominal obesity or overweight. Twelve-week randomized parallel design examining the effects of different exercise and / or GN regimens on anthropometric and body composition (whole body fat and lean mass, trunk fat, fat mass index, appendicular muscle mass and circumference of the waist); risk factors for metabolic syndrome and vascular parameters (blood lipids, fasting glucose, blood pressure, flow-mediated vasodilation [FMD%], aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), and rate of increase [AIx]); and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength). RESULTS: The adjusted linear mixed models revealed a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (ml · kg · min -1): HIIT +8.3, RT +4.1 and TC +6.3 (all P <0.001). The difference of improvement between the groups was statistically significant between the HIIT and NG groups (P = 0.014), [time x interaction of group F (23,564); P <0.001; ? 2 partial = 0.365]. Furthermore, the RT and CT group has a significant positive impact on PWV (m · s -1) (d = 0.391 and 0.229 respectively; P <0.001, [time x interaction group F (5.457); P = 0.003; ? 2partial = 0.280] Henceforth, the RT group has a significant positive impact on FMD (%) compared to the HIIT, CT or NG group (time x interaction group F (2.942); P = 0.044; ? 2 partial = 0.174). CONCLUSIONS: The main findings of this study are that 12 weeks of HIIT led to significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, while RT resulted in improvements in vascular profile, supporting the positive effect of both training programs for factors of cardiometabolic risk in sedentary and overweight adults.