Determinantes económicos, sociales y de salud que inciden en la lactancia materna exclusiva en Colombia para el año 2010

Abstract

The feeding practices are critical to the survival, growth, development, health and nutrition of infants and children under two years of age. Some of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding are its nutritional contribution, prevention of infectious and chronic diseases, psychosocial and cognitive development. Breast milk is the ideal diet recommended exclusively for the first six months of life. The objective of this study was to establish the determinants associated with the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding in children under six months of age, based on the information collected in the 2010 Colombian Food and Nutrition Situation Survey (ENSIN 2010) and the National Demographic and Health Survey (ENDS 2010). Materials and methods: an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, using data from the two population-based surveys mentioned above. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was constructed taking into account the population of children under 6 months of age living with their mother at the time of the survey. To identify the factors associated with the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), a univariate and bivariate analysis was performed, and a multivariate and multilevel logistic regression model was used. The high frequency of abandonment of EML in children under 6 months of age in Colombia and the great variation of this indicator among its 32 departments are highlighted. Individual conditions such as higher maternal schooling, affiliation to social security and not using a bottle favor the time of ECI. The variance percentage participation (VPC) of the adjusted model explains that a 7.3% increase in the probability of EML abandonment would be attributable to community factors. The MOR showed that if any of the mothers moved from a low-risk department for EML dropout to a high-risk department, their individual risk of EML dropout would double. In the full fit model these departmental effects diminish, evidencing little variation across departments in the predisposition to EML dropout. In conclusion, the results presented here are highlighted to contribute to the socially contextualized understanding of the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for the Colombian population, offering an opportunity to continue its analysis with greater understanding and providing evidence for the design of more cost-effective interventions