Factores relacionados con el desarrollo de Hipomagnesemia en el postrasplante renal pediátrico en la Fundación Cardio-Infantil de Bogotá durante el periodo 2006-2018

Abstract

Background: Hypomagnesemia is a frequent condition in renal transplant patients. The use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) is related with this disorder. It is important to evaluate factors that are associated with hypomagnesemia given the multiple complications linked to it. Others studies have described other associations with this outcome, as: the use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI), low glomerular filtration rates and the early stage after renal transplant (2). Aim: To establish the frequency and factors related to the development of hypomagnesemia in the pediatric kidney post transplant period. Methods: Cross-section study which evaluated factors associated to hypomagnesemia in the post-transplant period in renal transplant pediatric patient at Fundacion Cardioinfantil. Bivariate analysis of means comparison was carried out after checking normality tests. For categorical variables, adjusted ORs were obtained, taking post-transplant hypomagnesemia as an independent variable. Results: A total of 99 patients were evaluated. Prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 42,4% (42/99) in the post-transplant period. In the first month after kidney transplant 71,4% patient presented hypomagnesemia. There was association between hypomagnesemia and cadaveric donor type [92,9% (39); p=0,049; OR 3,46; IC 0,91-13,18]. No association was found between use of calcineurin inhibitors, nutritional status or electrolyte abnormalities. Discussion: Hypomagnesemia is a frequent complication found in renal transplant patients. Knowing the factors associated with hipomagnesemia is important to generate intervention. Use of calcineurin inhibitors, treatment with PPI and the first month after transplantation, have been related to the development of hypomagnesemia (2-4). In this study it was found an association between hipomagnesemia and cadaveric donor type. Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia in the early stages after renal transplantation is frequent complication. It can persist for long time periods and it is more common in the first month post-transplantation. In our study, there was a prevalence of 42,4%, cadaveric donor was the only factor associated with this outcome.