Modelo predictivo del gasto hospitalario en pacientes con diabetes Mellitus Tipo II en un hospital de referencia en Colombia

Abstract

It is commonly recognized that innovation is essential for the growth and well-being of economies. Companies, as agents of innovation systems, play a fundamental role in the innovative activity of economies. Nevertheless, the existence of barriers to innovation are translated into a low willingness to innovate by companies despite being an important element of competitiveness. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of companies in the Extremadura region (Spain) based on the perceptions they have about these two variables: willingness to innovate and assessing innovation as an essential element of competitiveness. These two perceptions are fundamental when deciding to innovate. It also influences the perception of government intervention to encourage innovation and the type of actions that would be demanded by companies to be encouraged to innovate or continue carrying out innovative activities. In order to reach this objective, we elaborate an ad hoc questionnaire focused mainly on variables related to innovation and other additional aspects. We contacted a representative sample of companies of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura. First, companies are classified based on two perception variables: willingness to innovate and competitiveness, allowing to distinguish 4 differentiated profiles. Then, companies are characterized based on a series of variables as size; activity sector; innovation and types of innovation; export activity; obstacles to innovation perceived; and what types of public actions in order to boost innovation are demanded by the firms. The results are compared and discussed for two data waves (2011 and 2013). The profiles obtained relate especially to different obstacles to innovation perceived and different public actions demanded. As a practical implication, it is considered that this characterization can be useful in the design of regional public policies to stimulate innovation.