Análisis de las demandas de responsabilidad médica y su impacto en el sistema hospitalario surcolombiano: el caso de un hospital público de referencia en el periodo 2014 - 2019

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to characterize and analyze the medical liability claims and their impact on the budget in a highly complex public hospital in Neiva. This research uses analysis of the legal processes that failed during the years 2014 to 2019. In its methodology, a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study that analyzed the failed processes in the period 2014 to 2019. As a result, a universe of 279 claims was obtained, of which 228 are for medical liability (82%). Of the 228, 87 (38%) met the selection criteria for analysis. The highest number of rulings was in favor of the hospital, with an average time to final ruling of 6 years. The predominant age group is between 21 and 30 years old, and males are more affected. The most demanded adverse effect is death, and the main cause is the integral failure in the provision of the service. The most demanded specialty is surgery with 14 cases, followed by obstetrics and gynecology with 10. The impact and budget allocation are 1.1% in the years of study, the amount paid in the period under study is 12,168,475,283. According to the results, there is an increasing trend in claims for medical liability from year to year. The most demanded specialties are the surgical component and there is no evident risk in the short and medium term in terms of the financial sustainability of the institution due to the payment of the lawsuits ruled against this entity.