Infección de Anopheles SPP por Plasmodium SPP y su importancia en la transmisión de Malaria en comunidades indígenas del Amazonas colombiano

dc.contributorPatarroyo, Manuel A.
dc.contributorRodriguez-Leguizamon, Giovanni
dc.contributorCamargo Pinzón, Sandra Milena
dc.creatorAlvarado Cabrera, Luis Antonio
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-29T11:55:08Z
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-22T13:53:07Z
dc.date.available2019-10-29T11:55:08Z
dc.date.available2022-09-22T13:53:07Z
dc.date.created2019-10-29T11:55:08Z
dc.identifierhttps://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/20500
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_20500
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/3433665
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: The distribution of Plasmodium species has varied in the communities of the Colombian Amazon, with P. vivax and P. malariae being the most frequent. This is due to environmental factors (such as climate change) and social factors (such as population displacement) which have impacted on the ecology and behavior of these vectors, causing changes in parasitic dispersion and the appearance of outbreaks in areas where it was considered controlled. Objectives: To identify the species of anophelin at a taxonomic and molecular level in two communities of the Colombian Amazon, Tipisca (Tp1 / Tp2) and Doce de Octubre (DO) and to determine the frequency of infection of P. vivax, P. malariae and P. falciparum. Methodology: The study was conducted in two indigenous communities located on a tributary of the Amazon River, where mosquitoes were captured from 6 pm to 11 pm in three ecotopes (intradomiciliary, peridomiciliary and extradomiciliary), by the method of human bait protected in June 2016. The morphological taxonomic identification was performed and then confirmed with a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of a fragment of the Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (IOC) gene. The identification of the three Plasmodium species was performed by a PCR in 224 pools analyzed. Results: 1086 individuals were collected; 99.2% (n = 1057) corresponded to Anopheles darlingi, 0.4% An. mattogrossensis (n = 4) and 0.4% Culex spp (n = 4). The results showed that Tp1 had the highest abundance of mosquitoes (mean = 26.3), followed by Tp2 (mean = 23.2) and OD (mean = 6.4), an analysis of variances revealed significant differences between Tp1 and OD (p = 0.001) and Tp2 and OD (p = 0.001). At the ecotope level, the highest bite rate occurred in the peridomiciliary (mean = 31.0), followed by the extradomiciliary (mean = 26.6) and the intradomiciliary (mean = 1.1), significant differences were found in the peridomiciliary (p = 0.004) and extradomiciliary (P = 0.004). Of the 224 pools analyzed in 40.6%, Plasmodium was detected; P. vivax being the most prevalent (21.9%), followed by P. malariae (21.0%) and P. falciparum (10.3%). As for mixed infections, 24 (26.4%) of them presented infection by more than one parasitic species, with P. vivax and P. malariae (n = 15; 16.5%) being the most common. For An. mattogrossensis, only P. vivax was found in 50% of the specimens, being the first infection record for this species in Colombia. Discussion: An. darlingi was the dominant species in the area at the time of high transmission. The results follow an anthropophilic and exophageal activity, which indicates a behavioral change of their diet in the study area; Its high abundance and susceptibility to Plasmodium infection indicate its relationship in parasitic transmission as a primary vector. High frequencies of the parasitic species were found, demonstrating the usefulness of the use of molecular techniques in the identification of the parasite. The results of this research seek to provide information that supports the improvement and innovation of strategies aimed at vector control, as an essential step in the design of malaria prevention and control strategies.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad del Rosario
dc.publisherMaestría en Epidemiología
dc.publisherMaestría en Actividad Física y Salud
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5/co/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsAbierto (Texto Completo)
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dc.rightsAtribución-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
dc.rightsAtribución-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
dc.rightsAtribución-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
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dc.sourceinstname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.sourcereponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
dc.subjectMalaria
dc.subjectPlasmodium
dc.subjectAnopheles
dc.subjectInfección
dc.titleInfección de Anopheles SPP por Plasmodium SPP y su importancia en la transmisión de Malaria en comunidades indígenas del Amazonas colombiano
dc.typemasterThesis


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