Modelo para la distribución de medicamentos a comunidades en zonas apartadas de la región costera del departamento del Chocó, Colombia

dc.contributorOsorio Ramírez, Carlos
dc.contributorSOCIEDAD, ECONOMIA Y PRODUCTIVIDAD - SEPRO
dc.creatorMoreno Castro, Catalina
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-24T18:31:29Z
dc.date.available2021-06-24T18:31:29Z
dc.date.created2021-06-24T18:31:29Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-17
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79712
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractHealth supply chains present many problems in the processes of supplying, storing and distributing inputs and medicines, due to uncertainty in demand, diagnostics and short product life cycles. In rural and remote areas, this complexity increases due to accessibility restrictions, modes of transport, population dispersion and long distances. Proper management of these chains is essential to preserve the health of the population. For this reason, the state, as the regulatory body of the health system, should design strategies that fit the context of these regions and ensure maximum coverage of health services. In Colombia, this situation is mainly reflected in public health programs for poor and vulnerable territories, limiting the availability of medicines in a timely manner to the population, generating high rates of morbidity and mortality. This research sets out a model for the distribution of medicines of public health interest to remote areas, where there are geographical barriers, it chooses access infrastructure, rurality and dispersion. It is proposed for transport, use air mode by means of UAV vehicles and its possibility of integration with river mode, which is currently the most exploited in the area for the transport of cargo and passengers. The study is carried out using mixed techniques, combining qualitative approaches to the characterization of the current distribution operation in the region, and quantitative for the design of a distribution model using exact mathematical formulation techniques. The results show that making use of intermodal transport with UAV vehicles and boats, distribution time is reduced by 25% and drug availability for the population is improved. This work is carried out within the framework of the project “Technologies in demand management and logistics operation in a health care network in the coastal region of the Department of Chocó. An approach from the beneficiary towards the institutionalism”.
dc.description.abstractLas cadenas de suministro de salud presentan muchas problemáticas en los procesos de abastecimiento, almacenamiento y distribución de insumos y medicamentos, a causa de la incertidumbre en la demanda, diagnósticos y cortos ciclos de vida de los productos. En zonas rurales y apartadas, esta complejidad aumenta debido a restricciones de accesibilidad, modos de transporte, dispersión poblacional y largas distancias. La adecuada gestión de estas cadenas es esencial para preservar la salud de la población. Por tal motivo, el estado, como ente regulador del sistema de salud, debe diseñar estrategias que se ajusten al contexto de estas regiones y de esa manera, garantizar máxima cobertura de los servicios de salud. En Colombia, esta situación se refleja principalmente en los programas de salud pública para territorios pobres y vulnerables, limitando la disponibilidad de medicamentos de manera oportuna a la población, generando altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. Esta investigación plantea un modelo para la distribución de medicamentos de interés en salud pública para áreas apartadas, tomando como caso de estudio el departamento del Chocó, donde se tienen barreras geográficas, escaza infraestructura de acceso, ruralidad y dispersión. Se propone para el transporte, utilizar el modo aéreo por medio de vehículos UAV y su posibilidad de integración con el modo fluvial, el cual actualmente es el más explotado en la zona para el transporte de carga y pasajeros. El estudio se realiza por medio de técnicas mixtas, combinando enfoques cualitativos para la caracterización de la operación de distribución actual en la región; y cuantitativos para el diseño de un modelo de distribución por medio de técnicas exactas de formulación matemática. Los resultados demuestran que haciendo uso de transporte intermodal con vehículos UAV y lanchas, se reduce el tiempo de distribución en un 25% y se mejora la disponibilidad de medicamentos para la población. Este trabajo se realiza dentro del marco del proyecto “Tecnologías en gestión de demanda y operación logística en red de atención en salud en la región costera del Departamento de Chocó. Un enfoque desde el beneficiario hacia la institucionalidad”.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Industrial
dc.publisherDepartamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas e Industrial
dc.publisherFacultad de Ingeniería
dc.publisherBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados de autor, 2021
dc.titleModelo para la distribución de medicamentos a comunidades en zonas apartadas de la región costera del departamento del Chocó, Colombia
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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