Biomechanical computational model of the elbow development

dc.contributorGarzón Alvarado, Diego Alexander
dc.contributorMárquez Flórez, Kalenia María
dc.contributorGNUM - Grupo de Modelado y Métodos Numericos en Ingeniería
dc.creatorMillán Claro, Luis Felipe
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-26T15:23:27Z
dc.date.available2021-07-26T15:23:27Z
dc.date.created2021-07-26T15:23:27Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79845
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractIn this study, two computational models were developed, the first one predicts the appearance, location, and development of the mesenchymal condensation within the upper limb as it grows. Biochemical events were modeled with reaction-diffusion equations of generic molecules. The results obtained showed that patterns generated by molecules that behave as Fgf8, Fgf10 and Wnt3a, can predict the shape of the mesenchymal condensation. Simple diffusive patterns were adequate to explain the areas where sox9 is expressed and how they are affected by the shape and size of the signaling zones and the ectoderm. Furthermore, our results suggest that Grem1 and Wnt3a have the same effect on Sox9 expression, and that Tgf-β expression could be due to inhibition of RA. The second model analyze how mechanical and biochemical stimuli affect joint morphogenesis. For this, it was assumed that cartilage growth was controlled by cyclic hydrostatic stress and inhibited by octahedral shear stress. In addition, the effect of molecules that promote chondrocyte proliferation such as PTHrP-Ihh and Wnt was included. The results obtained through the model suggest that the initial morphogenesis of the elbow joint is influenced by hydrostatic stresses together with biochemical stimulation. To solve the systems of partial differential equations in both models, the finite element method was applied. It should be noted that this document also presents a conceptual background of the biological processes before and during the development of the elbow, as well as a brief mention of what the principal characteristics of the elbow is and some pathologies associated, moreover, it is also included a brief explanation of the finite element method and the solution of the elasticity and reaction-diffusion equations through this method. (Text taken from source)
dc.description.abstractEn este estudio se desarrollaron dos modelos computacionales, el primero predice la apariencia, ubicación y desarrollo de la condensación mesenquimal mientras crece parte de extremidad superior. Los eventos bioquímicos se modelaron con ecuaciones de reacción-difusión con moléculas genéricas. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que los patrones de Fgf8, Fgf10 y Wnt3a pueden predecir la forma de la condensación mesenquimal mientras crece la extremidad. Los patrones difusivos simples fueron adecuados para explicar las áreas donde se expresa sox9 y cómo se ven afectadas por la forma y el tamaño de las zonas de señalización y el ectodermo. Además, nuestros resultados sugieren que Grem1 y Wnt3a tienen el mismo efecto sobre la expresión de Sox9, y que la expresión de Tgf-β podría deberse a la inhibición de la AR. El segundo modelo analiza cómo estímulos mecánicos y bioquímicos afectan la morfogénesis articular. Para ello se asumió que el crecimiento del cartílago estaba controlado por el estrés hidrostático cíclico e inhibido por el esfuerzo cortante octaédrico. Además, se incluyó el efecto de moléculas que promueven la proliferación de condrocitos tales como PTHrP-Ihh y Wnt. Los resultados obtenidos a través del modelo sugieren que la morfogénesis de la articulación del codo está influenciada en gran medida por las tensiones hidrostáticas junto con la estimulación bioquímica. Para resolver los sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales parciales en ambos modelos se aplicó el método de los elementos finitos. Cabe destacar que dentro de este documento también se presenta un marco conceptual de los procesos biológicos durante y antes del desarrollo del codo, una breve mención de qué es el codo y algunas enfermedades, así como una breve explicación del método de los elementos finitos y la solución de las ecuaciones de elasticidad y reacción-difusión a través de este método. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Ingeniería Biomédica
dc.publisherFacultad de Medicina
dc.publisherBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autor, 2021
dc.titleBiomechanical computational model of the elbow development
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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