dc.contributor | Martínez Martínez, Luis Joel | |
dc.contributor | Torres León, Jorge Luis | |
dc.creator | Giraldo Betancourt, Cristhian | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-03-22T20:56:50Z | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-09-21T19:05:14Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-03-22T20:56:50Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-09-21T19:05:14Z | |
dc.date.created | 2022-03-22T20:56:50Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/81322 | |
dc.identifier | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.identifier | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/3413155 | |
dc.description.abstract | La Marchitez Letal (ML) es el problema fitosanitario más importantes para la palmicultura colombiana en zona Oriental, generando pérdidas económicas de más de 146 millones de dólares y la erradicación de más de 5.000 ha. Las técnicas tradicionales de diagnóstico y detección de la enfermedad no funcionan apropiadamente y son limitantes en grandes extensiones de tierra debido a la subjetividad, consumen mucho tiempo y requieren de un gran esfuerzo humano. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de las respuestas espectrales de sensores remotos (imágenes del sensor multiespectral Red-Edge M) y proximales (respuestas hiperespectrales del sensor FieldSpec4), para la discriminación de plantas sanas y enfermas en el cultivo de palma de aceite. El área de estudio se ubicó en el municipio de San Carlos de Guaroa (Meta-Colombia) en un cultivo comercial (cultivar IRHO), donde se tomaron datos en campo e imágenes con un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (UAV) a 60 m durante dos años. La metodología propuesta incluye, adquisición de imágenes, corrección radiométrica, generación de ortomosaicos e índices multiespectrales, extracción de datos y la clasificación supervisada mediante algoritmos de Machine Learning; los datos de referencia se obtuvieron a partir de variables fisiológicas, respuestas hiperespectrales y observaciones en campo de palmas sanas y enfermas. Se propone el uso de índices de vegetación como índice de clorofila terrestre MERIS (MTCI), longitud de onda del punto de inflexión (Lp), índice de Maccioni (MI), entre otros, como indicadores de palmas sanas y palmas enfermas en el cultivo; así mismo, se plantea el uso de índices de vegetación a partir de sensores multiespectrales como índice de diferencia normalizado del borde rojo (NDRE), NDVI modificado a 705 (mND705), índice de Vogelmann (VOG), entre otros, para clasificar palmas sanas y enfermas en imágenes de alta resolución. Los resultados mostraron que el algoritmo de Random Forest (RF) tuvo el mejor rendimiento en términos de métrica de Precision, Recall, F1, OA e índice Kappa, con valores superiores al 80%. El proyecto de investigación demostró que por medio de respuestas espectrales se pueden discriminar entre plantas con presencia o ausencia de síntomas de ML en el cultivo de palma de aceite. (Texto tomado de la fuente). | |
dc.description.abstract | Lethal Wilt (LW) is the most important phytosanitary problem for Colombian palm cultivation in the
eastern zone, generating economic losses of more than US$146 million and the eradication of more
than 5,000 ha. Traditional techniques for diagnosis and detection of the disease do not work properly
and are limited in large extensions of land due to subjectivity, are time-consuming and require great
human effort. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of spectral responses from
remote sensors (images from the Red-Edge M multispectral sensor) and proximal sensors
(hyperspectral responses from the FieldSpec4 sensor), for the discrimination of healthy and
diseased plants in oil palm cultivation. The study area was located in the municipality of San Carlos
de Guaroa (Meta-Colombia) in a commercial crop (IRHO cultivar), where field data and images were
taken with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) at 60 m during two years. The proposed methodology
includes image acquisition, radiometric correction, generation of orthomosaics and multispectral
indices, data extraction and supervised classification using Machine Learning algorithms; reference
data were obtained from physiological variables, hyperspectral responses and field observations of
healthy and diseased palms. The use of vegetation indices such as MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll
index (MTCI), wavelength of the inflection point (Lp), Maccioni index (MI), among others, is proposed
as indicators of healthy and diseased palms in the crop; Likewise, the use of vegetation indices from
multispectral sensors such as normalized difference red edge (NDRE), modified NDVI to 705
(mND705), Vogelmann index (VOG), among others, is proposed to classify healthy and diseased
palms in high resolution images. The results showed that the Random Forest (RF) algorithm had
the best performance in terms of Precision, Recall, F1, OA and Kappa index metrics, with values
above 80%. The research project demonstrated that by means of spectral responses it is possible
to discriminate between plants with presence or absence of ML symptoms in the oil palm crop. | |
dc.language | spa | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.publisher | Bogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Geomática | |
dc.publisher | Escuela de posgrados | |
dc.publisher | Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias | |
dc.publisher | Bogotá, Colombia | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá | |
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dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional | |
dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
dc.title | Evaluación del potencial de datos espectrales para el diagnóstico de Marchitez Letal (ML) en Palma de Aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) | |
dc.type | Tesis | |