Generación de una línea base de sensibilidad y valoración del riesgo de resistencia en Phytophthora cinnamomi frente al uso de formulaciones comerciales.

dc.contributorGranada García, Sinar David
dc.contributorPérez Naranjo, Juan Carlos
dc.contributorFitosanidad y Control Biológico
dc.creatorOcampo Cano, Daniela
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-01T14:49:56Z
dc.date.available2021-10-01T14:49:56Z
dc.date.created2021-10-01T14:49:56Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-29
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80350
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractEl aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) es una fruta nativa de las regiones tropicales y subtropicales de América Central y México, perteneciente a la familia Lauraceae. Es una fruta que posee valiosas propiedades nutricionales, por su alto contenido de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados, proteína, carbohidratos, vitaminas y minerales. Además, tiene un gran potencial de exportación, ya que, tiene múltiples usos en culinaria, y puede emplearse también en procesos agroindustriales y como insumo en la industria farmacéutica y cosmética. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, la productividad de este cultivo se ha visto limitada por diferentes factores entre los que se encuentra la pudrición radicular causada por Phytophthora cinnamomi. Algunos productos químicos han ofrecido una respuesta favorable frente a P. cinnamomi. No obstante, no generan supresión del fitopatógeno, sino un control temporal de síntomas. Por tanto, es importante tener información sobre el rango de sensibilidad que presenta P. cinnamomi frente a fungicidas de naturaleza sistémica y a protectantes, ya que el uso indiscriminado de estos productos puede causar perdida de sensibilidad en el microorganismo con la consecuente generación de aislamientos resistentes. De acuerdo a lo estipulado por el Comité de Acción frente a la Resistencia a los Fungicidas (FRAC, por sus siglas en inglés) es importante hacer un levantamiento de información sobre el rango de sensibilidad que presenta P. cinnamomi frente a fungicidas de naturaleza sistémica y protectante, ya que el uso continuo y poco racionalizado de estos productos pueden causar pérdida de sensibilidad en el microorganismo, generando poblaciones resistentes y por ende problemas sanitarios de grandes magnitudes. Adicionalmente, de acuerdo con el FRAC, es posible establecer el riesgo que implica el uso de ciertos principios activos frente a un patógeno por medio de la siembra consecutiva del microorganismo en niveles subletales de los compuestos hasta obtener un mutante resistente. La comparación entre el aislamiento silvestre y el obtenido luego del contacto con el fungicida arrojará un índice denominado “Factor de riesgo”, el cual dará una idea del riesgo futuro de la aplicación de dicho principio activo. Por lo anterior, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo establecer una línea base de sensibilidad de P. cinnamomi frente a tres (3) formulaciones comerciales, y determinar el factor de riesgo en la generación de resistencia en el patógeno frente a cada una de las formulaciones comerciales. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractAvocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a tropical and subtropical fruit from Central America and Mexico, belonging to the Lauraceae family. It is a fruit with valuable nutritional properties, due to its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. In addition, it has great potential to be exported for its multiple uses in cooking, in agro-industrial processes and in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. However, in recent years, productivity has been limited by different factors, including root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi. Some products have offered a favorable response to P. cinnamomi. However, they do not generate suppression of the phytopathogen, but only a temporary symptom decrease. Therefore, it is important to have information on the range of sensitivity of P. cinnamomi to systemic fungicides, as well as protectants, since the indiscriminate use of these products can cause loss of sensitivity in the microorganism, generating resistant isolates. According to the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC), it is important to collect information on the range of sensitivity of P. cinnamomi to systemic and protectant fungicides, since the continuous and not rationalized use of these products can cause loss of sensitivity in the microorganism, generating resistant populations and therefore large-scale sanitary problems. Additionally, according to the FRAC, it is possible to establish the risk involved in the use of certain active ingredients against a pathogen by consecutive culture of the microorganism at sublethal levels of the compounds until a resistant mutant is obtained. The comparison between the wild isolate and the one obtained after the treatments with the fungicide will yield an index called "risk factor", which will give an idea of future resistance risk of the application of that active ingredient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish a baseline sensitivity of P. cinnamomi to three (3) commercial fungicides, and to determine the resistance risk factor of the pathogen in front of these commercial formulations.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherMedellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnología
dc.publisherEscuela de biociencias
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisherMedellín
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleGeneración de una línea base de sensibilidad y valoración del riesgo de resistencia en Phytophthora cinnamomi frente al uso de formulaciones comerciales.
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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