Integración de economía circular en la industria química colombiana: Propuesta de un sistema de indicadores de desempeño ambiental para medir la circularidad en empresas del sector

dc.contributorMoreno Mantilla, Carlos Eduardo
dc.contributorCortés Aldana, Félix Antonio
dc.creatorCangrejo Castro, Nathalia
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-11T23:25:10Z
dc.date.available2021-03-11T23:25:10Z
dc.date.created2021-03-11T23:25:10Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79350
dc.description.abstractLa Economía Circular (EC) se concibe como un sistema económico basado en modelos de negocio orientados a alcanzar una economía de ciclo cerrado a través de la adopción de los denominados principios de EC o 9R, desacoplando gradualmente el crecimiento del consumo de recursos finitos. Este concepto ha cobrado gran trascendencia al percibirse como una forma de aproximarse a un desarrollo sostenible. A pesar del notable interés que despierta y de ser objeto de múltiples estudios, la implementación de la EC aún no es clara, especialmente a nivel de empresas, ya que las soluciones planteadas se centran por lo general en un solo principio, carecen de claridad en su alcance y validación desde su diseño, ocasionando que los tomadores de decisiones no cuenten con herramientas e información suficiente para establecer objetivos de EC adecuados. Estas barreras, que han sido bien definidas en la literatura, también se advierten en la industria química colombiana, donde a pesar de existir el interés por la adopción del modelo, aún no se cuenta con un sistema de medición que favorezca su implementación. Por este motivo, este estudio propone un sistema de indicadores ambientales para medir desempeño de circularidad en empresas de la industria química colombiana. Los principios e indicadores que lo conforman fueron determinados a través de un análisis sistemático de la literatura y un proceso de validación con expertos. Adicionalmente, con el método analítico jerárquico (AHP) fueron asignados los niveles de importancia de todos los elementos del sistema de indicadores. Finalmente, su utilidad fue validada a través de un grupo focal con representantes de la industria. Con los resultados se obtuvo un sistema de medición compuesto por 4 principios (reducir, reutilizar, reciclar y recuperar) y 21 indicadores asociados, que puede ser versátil y ajustarse a 11 indicadores midiendo el 80% del desempeño. Adicionalmente, el estudio ofrece un aporte al conocimiento en términos de una metodología replicable para ser adoptada en el diseño de sistemas de medición de la circularidad para otras industrias.
dc.description.abstractThe Circular Economy (CE) is a new economic system based on business models aimed at achieving closed loop economy through the adoption of the so-called 9R or CE principles, gradually decoupling growth from consumption of finite resources. This concept has become very important as it is perceived as a means of achieving sustainable development. While CE has gained strong interest and has been the subject of multiple studies, its implementation is not clear yet, particularly at the company level, as the solutions proposed generally focus on a single principle of circularity and lack clarity of scope and design validation, hence leaving decision makers without sufficient tools and information to establish adequate CE objectives. These barriers have been well defined in the literature and can be also seen in the Colombian chemical industry, where despite strong interest in the adoption of this model, there is still no measurement system to support its implementation. For this reason, this study proposes an environmental indicator system to measure circularity performance in companies in the Colombian chemical industry. The principles and indicators that comprise it were determined through a systematic analysis of the literature and a validation process with experts. In addition, the importance levels of all the elements of the system were assigned using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, its usefulness was validated through a Focus Group with industry representatives. With the results, a measurement system comprised of 4 principles (reduce, reuse, recycle and recover) and 21 associated indicators was obtained, which can be versatile and can be adjusted to just 11 indicators that measure 80% of the performance. In addition, the study offers a contribution to the knowledge with a replicable methodology to be adopted in the design of circularity’s measurement systems for other industries.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ingeniería - Maestría en Ingeniería - Ingeniería Industrial
dc.publisherDepartamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas e Industrial
dc.publisherFacultad de Ingeniería
dc.publisherBogotá
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.titleIntegración de economía circular en la industria química colombiana: Propuesta de un sistema de indicadores de desempeño ambiental para medir la circularidad en empresas del sector
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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