Compuestos orgánicos volátiles de Trichoderma spp. con actividad biocontroladora sobre el patógeno Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici y el insecto plaga Trialeurodes vaporariorum en plantas de tomate

dc.contributorAragón Rodríguez, Sandra Milena
dc.contributorSinuco León, Diana Cristina
dc.creatorRamírez Alarcón, Sandra Milena
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-02T16:39:53Z
dc.date.available2020-08-02T16:39:53Z
dc.date.created2020-08-02T16:39:53Z
dc.date.issued2019-06-10
dc.identifierRamírez Alarcón Sandra Milena. Compuestos orgánicos volátiles de Trichoderma spp. con actividad biocontroladora sobre el patógeno Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici y el insecto plaga Trialeurodes vaporariorum en plantas de tomate. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA SEDE BOGOTA. 2020
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77894
dc.description.abstractThe effect of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by 15 strains of Trichoderma spp. was evaluated on (1) in vitro radial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FoL59), (2) the severity of the disease in planta and (3) the oviposition rate of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum. For the in vitro experiment, we used the double plate technique, where two Petri plates, one with Trichoderma spp. and other with F. oxysporum grown on PDA were placed one over the other for ten days at 25°C, the inhibition rate was registered. Seven strains showed the best inhibition rates of the pathogen: Th004 (46.1%), M44 (45,8%), Th035(40,5%), Th019(39,8%), Th007 (39,4%), 3T (39%) and M45 (37.1%). These strains were assessed in planta by exposing the roots of tomato seedling to the VOCs emitted by Trichoderma spp. in a sealed environment for 21 days. The progress and severity of the disease were assessed. Only the strain Th035 showed a significant difference compared to control plants, reducing by 31% the severity of the disease. Finally, the oviposition preference index (OPI) of the whitefly on VOCs treated tomato plants. Negative OPI values were observed with the strains Th035 (-27.30), M44 (-21.80), Th007 (-17.17) and M45(-7,46), while Th004, 3T, and Th019 showed a stimulant effect on the oviposition. These findings demonstrate a biocontrol activity generated by the fungal VOCs of Trichoderma spp. against two different tomato plant health problems and contribute to the development of biological control strategies via bioprospection of fungal metabolites.
dc.description.abstractEn esta investigación se evaluó el efecto de los compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) emitidos por 15 cepas de Trichoderma spp. sobre (1) el crecimiento radial in vitro de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.lycopersici, (2) la severidad de la enfermedad in planta y (3) la tasa de oviposición de Trialeurodes vaporariorum en tomate. En condiciones in vitro, se empleó la técnica de doble placa, donde se enfrentó una caja de Petri con Trichoderma y otra con F. oxysporum desarrollados en medio PDA, permitiendo solo el intercambio de los VOCs durante 10 días a 25°C. Los mayores porcentajes de inhibición observados fueron: Th004 (46.1%), M44 (45,8%), Th035(40,5%), Th019(39,8%), Th007 (39,4%), 3T(39%) y M45 (37.1%). Estas cepas, fueron probadas en condiciones in planta, mediante la exposición de las raíces de las plántulas de tomate inoculadas con el patógeno, a los COVs emitidos por Trichoderma spp. en un ambiente confinado durante 21 días. Se observó que la cepa Th035, disminuyó la severidad de la enfermedad en un 31%. Finalmente, se calculó el índice de preferencia de oviposición (IPO) de la mosca blanca sobre plantas tratadas con los COVs, observando valores negativos con las cepas Th035 (-27.30), M44 (-21.80), Th007 (-17.17) y M45(-7,46), mientras que las cepas Th004, 3T, y Th019 estimularon una mayor oviposición. Estos resultados demuestran el potencial biocontrolador de los compuestos orgánicos volátiles emitidos por algunas cepas del hongo Trichoderma sobre dos problemas fitosanitarios en tomate y contribuyen al desarrollo de estrategias de control biológico mediante la bioprospección de estos metabolitos.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Microbiología
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightsAcceso abierto
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.titleCompuestos orgánicos volátiles de Trichoderma spp. con actividad biocontroladora sobre el patógeno Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici y el insecto plaga Trialeurodes vaporariorum en plantas de tomate
dc.typeDocumento de trabajo


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