Metilación del gen SHANK3 y tiempos de reacción antes y después de un entrenamiento de tipo aeróbico en una población pediátrica con Trastorno de Espectro Autista en la ciudad de Bogotá

dc.contributorAlvis Gómez, Karim Martina
dc.contributorArboleda Granados, Humberto
dc.contributorGRUPO DE NEUROCIENCIAS-UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA
dc.creatorHernández Sandoval, Erika Yolanda
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-17T22:43:06Z
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-21T15:48:58Z
dc.date.available2020-07-17T22:43:06Z
dc.date.available2022-09-21T15:48:58Z
dc.date.created2020-07-17T22:43:06Z
dc.date.issued2020-06-18
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/77799
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/3385597
dc.description.abstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with deficits in social interaction, communication and repetitive behaviors and interests. The etiology of ASD has both genetic and epigenetic components. One of the strongly related genes is SHANK3 for which epigenetic changes have been found, relating them to ASD symptoms. On the other hand, it is known that aerobic physical exercise influences epigenetic regulation and improvements in cognitive and motor aspects. The aim is to evaluate the effects of an aerobic training program on the DNA methylation of the SHANK3 gene and the reaction times in pediatric population with ASD in the city of Bogotá. There were nine participants who had a peripheral blood sample taken before and after training, reaction time was evaluated before and after training, and aerobic training consisted of 10 weeks, two days per week. The results showed changes in the pre and post reaction times, finding a median of 326ms and 287ms, respectively. To analyze these results, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, where no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.53). For the methylation percentage, a hypermethylation pattern was found in the analyzed region with a median of 92% and 91% in the PRE and POS measurements, respectively, and a statistically significant difference was found in position CpG 108 of island 2 of SHANK3 , with a p=0.036 using the Kruskall-Wallis test. This is the first training program for the pediatric population with ASD and the first approach to the epigenetic characterization of this population in Colombia, taking into account that in other countries, data on genetics as epigenetics of ASD are more accurately known. It is important to continue developing this type of research to strengthen the different treatments that are currently known for both ASD and other pathologies related to neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration, considering that aerobic physical exercise is a potential modulator of epigenetic behavior.
dc.description.abstractEl Trastorno de Espectro Autista (TEA) es un desorden del neurodesarrollo con déficits en interacción social, comunicación y comportamientos e intereses repetitivos. La etiología del TEA presenta tanto componentes genéticos como epigenéticos. Uno de los genes fuertemente relacionados es el SHANK3 para el que se han encontrado cambios epigenéticos, relacionándolos con sintomatología del TEA. Por otro lado, se sabe que el ejercicio físico aeróbico influye en la regulación epigenética y mejoras en aspectos cognitivos y motores. El objetivo es evaluar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico en la metilación de ADN del gen SHANK3 y en los tiempos de reacción en población pediátrica con TEA de la ciudad de Bogotá. Se contó con nueve participantes a los cuales se les tomó una muestra de sangre periférica antes y después del entrenamiento, y se evaluó el tiempo de reacción antes y después del entrenamiento; el entrenamiento aeróbico consistió en 10 semanas, dos días por semana. En los resultados se evidenciaron cambios en los tiempos de reacción pre y pos, encontrando una mediana de 326ms y 287ms, respectivamente. Para analizar dichos resultados se usó la prueba de prueba de Kruskal-Wallis donde no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0,53). Para el porcentaje de metilación se encontró un patrón de hipermetilación en la región analizada con una mediana de 92% y 91% en las mediciones PRE y POS respectivamente, y se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la posición CpG 108 de la isla 2 de SHANK3, con un p=0,036 mediante la prueba de Kruskall- Wallis. Este es el primer programa de entrenamiento para población pediátrica con TEA y el primer acercamiento a la caracterización epigenética de esta población en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta que en otros países se conocen con más precisión datos sobre la genética y epigenética del TEA. Es importante continuar desarrollando este tipo de investigaciones para fortalecer los diferentes tratamientos que se conocen actualmente tanto para el TEA como para otras patologías relacionadas con el neurodesarrollo y la neurodegeneración, teniendo en cuenta que el ejercicio físico de tipo aeróbico es un potencial modulador del comportamiento epigenético y también de procesos cognitivos.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherBogotá - Medicina - Maestría en Neurociencias
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightsAcceso abierto
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.titleMetilación del gen SHANK3 y tiempos de reacción antes y después de un entrenamiento de tipo aeróbico en una población pediátrica con Trastorno de Espectro Autista en la ciudad de Bogotá
dc.typeOtros


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