Functional structure of termite assemblages associated with productive rubber crop systems in the northwestern colombian Amazon

dc.contributorFernandes Carrijo, Tiago
dc.contributorSerna Cardona, Francisco Javier
dc.creatorCastro Torres, Jose Daniel
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T20:17:18Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T20:17:18Z
dc.date.created2021-10-08T20:17:18Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-28
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80457
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractLivestock production extension in Amazon has caused deforestation and soil degradation, with negative consequences on biodiversity and environmental services. While the rubber plantations establishment has arisen as a productive and restoration alternative degraded livestock soils. This study evaluated differences in termite assemblage and functional structure in three different rubber crop systems as an indirect way of evaluating soil diversity restoring. Three rubber crop systems were sampled: clonal fields (CF), traditional commercial rubber plantations (CR), and mixed plantations (MX). Additionally, livestock pastures (PA) and natural forest relicts (NF) were compared to rubber crop systems, to serve as reference habitats. Termites were sampled using the transect method. From 80 species collected, 3.8% corresponded to Rhinotermitidae family, and 96.2% to Termitidae family. The natural forest was the land use with the highest richness (54 species) and species occurrence (437 occurrences). Species richness in rubber crop systems were 39% higher than in pastures and included 72% of the termite species found in natural forests. The land uses were clustered according to their diversity: group I of high diversity (CR and NF) and group II of low diversity (CF, MX and PA). Among the 14 soil variables that were evaluated, organic carbon, bulk density and electrical conductivity were the variables that most influenced the termite communities. Soil-feeders termites were associated with less diverse land uses and wood-feeders were associated with high diverse land uses. Pastures and MX presented the lowest values in diversity, but each functional structure was different. Elseways, functional structure of CR was similar to the natural forests. Our results demonstrate that termite diversity and functional structure recovery is possible and will depend on the rubber crop system selected.
dc.description.abstractLa ganadería extensiva en la amazonia ha causado deforestación y degradación en el suelo, con consecuencias negativas en la biodiversidad y servicios ambientales. Mientras el establecimiento de plantaciones de caucho ha surgido como una alternativa productiva y de restauración para suelos degradados por la ganadería. Este estudio evaluó las diferencias en los ensamblajes y la estructura funcional de las termitas en tres diferentes cultivos de caucho como una forma indirecta de evaluar la restauración de la diversidad del suelo. Tres sistemas de cultivos de caucho fueron muestreados: campos clonales (CF), plantaciones comerciales (CR) y plantaciones mixtas (MX). Adicionalmente, pasturas ganaderas (PA) y bosques naturales (NF) sirvieron como ecosistemas de referencia. Las termitas se muestrearon usando el método de transecto. De las 80 especies colectadas, 3.8% correspondía a la familia Rhinotermitidae y el 96.2% a la familia Termitidae. El bosque natural fue el uso de la tierra con mayor riqueza (54 especies) y ocurrencia de especies (437 ocurrencias). En los sistemas de cultivo de caucho fue 39% mayor que en pasturas e incluyeron el 72% del total de especies encontradas en los bosques naturales. Los usos de suelo fueron agrupados de acuerdo con su diversidad: grupo I de alta diversidad (CR y NF) y grupo II de baja diversidad (CF, MX y PA). Dentro de las 14 variables de suelo que se evaluaron, carbón orgánico, densidad aparente y conductividad eléctrica fueron las variables que más influenciaron sobre las comunidades de termitas. Las termitas consumidoras de suelo estuvieron asociadas con usos de suelo de baja diversidad y las xilófagas estuvieron asociados con usos de suelo de alta diversidad. Pasturas y MX presentaron la diversidad más baja, pero sus estructuras funcionales fueron diferentes en sí. Por otro lado, la estructura funcional de CR fue similar a la de NF. Nuestros resultados demostraron que recuperar la diversidad y la estructura funcional de las termitas es posible y dependerá de las prácticas de manejo del cultivo de caucho. (Texto tomado de la fuente).
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisherEscuela de posgrados
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisherBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleFunctional structure of termite assemblages associated with productive rubber crop systems in the northwestern colombian Amazon
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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