Diseño y validación de un instrumento para medir la vulnerabilidad al VIH en adolescentes escolarizados en colegios

dc.contributorRubiano Mesa, Yurian Lida
dc.contributorSalud y cuidado de los colectivos
dc.creatorTelpiz De La Cruz, Silvio German
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-08T14:52:40Z
dc.date.available2021-06-08T14:52:40Z
dc.date.created2021-06-08T14:52:40Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79612
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractObjetivo. Diseñar y validar una escala que permita identificar los factores de vulnerabilidad al VIH de los adolescentes escolarizados, según las dimensiones individual, social y programática. Metodología. Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo transversal. Se seleccionaron dos muestras aleatorias estratificadas de adolescentes entre 14 y 21 años de colegios públicos de una localidad de Bogotá, Colombia, años 2018 a 2019. La primera muestra fue de 890 adolescentes para el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE); y la segunda muestra fue de 1.000 adolescentes para el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) y Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (MEE) Resultados. En el AFE y AFC se identificó y confirmó que, para vulnerabilidad al VIH en adolescentes, ocho factores tienen comportamiento factorial, son válidos y fiables, con sesgo de método, y con invarianza configuracional y métrica. En el MEE se exploró la relación entre los factores y se planteó un modelo causal para: comportamientos sexuales de riesgo (CSR); el modelo permitió explicar el 31% de la varianza para CSR; efectos directos sobre CSR de: educación sexual escolar, educación sexual sanitaria, expresión emocional el colegio, maltrato de pareja, relaciones sexuales por amor a la pareja, consumo de alcohol, número de parejas sexuales e inicio de la vida sexual; y un efecto mediador de: educación sexual sanitaria, expresión emocional en el colegio y relaciones sexuales por amor a la pareja. Conclusiones. Los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo como una parte de la vulnerabilidad al VIH de los adolescentes escolarizados, pueden ser identificados y explicados con la escala EVA-CSR.
dc.description.abstractObjective. Design and validate a scale to identify the factors of vulnerability to HIV in adolescents in school, according to individual, social and programmatic dimensions. Methodology. Cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study. Two stratified random samples of adolescents between 14 and 21 years of age from public schools in a town of Bogotá, Colombia, years 2018 to 2019 were selected. The first sample was of 890 adolescents for the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA); and the second sample was 1,000 adolescents for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Results. In the EFA and CFA, it was identified and confirmed that, for vulnerability to HIV in adolescents, eight factors have factorial behavior, are valid and reliable, with method bias, and with configurational and metric invariance. In the SEM, the relationship between the factors was explored and a causal model was proposed for: risky sexual behaviors (CSR); the model allowed to explain 31% of the variance for CSR; direct effects on CSR of: school sex education, health sex education, emotional expression at school, partner abuse, sexual relations for the love of the partner, alcohol consumption, number of sexual partners and initiation of sexual life; and a mediating effect of: health sexual education, emotional expression at school and sexual relations for the love of the couple. Conclusions. Risky sexual behaviors as a part of the vulnerability to HIV of school adolescents can be identified and explained with the EVA-CSR scale.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Enfermería - Doctorado en Enfermería
dc.publisherDepartamento de Salud de Colectivos
dc.publisherFacultad de Enfermería
dc.publisherBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleDiseño y validación de un instrumento para medir la vulnerabilidad al VIH en adolescentes escolarizados en colegios
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado


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