Evaluación de la diversidad taxonómica y funcional de la comunidad microbiana relacionada con el ciclo del nitrógeno en suelos de cultivo de arroz con diferentes manejos del tamo

dc.contributorUribe Vélez, Daniel
dc.contributorMicrobiologia Agricola
dc.creatorCarreño Carreño, Jibda del Pilar
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-10T01:07:47Z
dc.date.available2020-03-10T01:07:47Z
dc.date.created2020-03-10T01:07:47Z
dc.date.issued2019-11-06
dc.identifierCarreño Carreño, Pilar
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/76023
dc.description.abstractThe return of plant residues to the soil is one of the alternative agricultural practices for the efficient management of post-harvest waste, however, is poor known the impact it has on edaphic microorganisms, responsible for determining soil quality parameters as nutrient availability and cycling. Therefore, a field experiment was proposed to evaluate the changes generated by 4 different treatments of rice straw management on microorganisms related to the nitrogen cycle, consisting of: (Cob+mo) rice straw as a mulch inoculated with a microbial consortium, (Inc+mo) rice straw incorporated and inoculated with the microbial consortium, (Quema) open field burning (Cob) and rice straw as a mulch without inoculation. Four bulk and rhizospheric soil samplings were carried out before and during the cultivation cycle. The diversity, structure and composition of the bacterial community linked to the nitrogen cycle was evaluated through the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and the activity of nitrogenase, protease and urease enzymes linked to the entry of nitrogen into the soil system was determined. Heat maps based on the composition and abundance of species showed particular groupings of the treatments in each of the sampling stages, evidencing the effect of rice straw management on the structure and composition of the bacterial community over time. The activity of the protease and urease enzymes was affected by the application of the degradation consortium and by the way rice straw is returned to the soil respectively. Keywords: Incorporation, mulch, rice straw, enzymatic activity, 16S rRNA)
dc.description.abstractLa quema del tamo de arroz a campo abierto es una de las mayores fuentes de contaminación agrícola, es por esto que el retorno de los residuos vegetales al suelo ha sido propuesto como una alternativa de manejo eficiente de los residuos pos-cosecha. Sin embargo, es poco conocido el impacto que tiene sobre los microorganismos edáficos involucrados en la disponibilidad y ciclaje de nutrientes. Por lo anterior, se planteó un experimento en campo para evaluar los cambios generados sobre la comunidad microbiana vinculada al ciclo del nitrógeno por la aplicación de 4 tratamientos diferentes de manejo del tamo de arroz: (Cob+mo) cobertura del terreno con tamo de arroz inoculado con un consorcio microbiano de degradación, (Inc+mo) tamo de arroz inoculado con el consorcio microbiano e incorporado, (Quema) quema del tamo y (Cob) cobertura del terreno con tamo de arroz sin inocular. Se realizaron 4 muestreos de suelo de soporte y suelo rizosférico antes y durante el ciclo de cultivo. Se evaluó la diversidad, estructura y composición de la comunidad bacteriana a través del análisis del gen 16S rRNA y se determinó la actividad de las enzimas nitrogenasa, proteasa y ureasa vinculadas con el ingreso de nitrógeno al sistema edáfico. Al final del ciclo de cultivo, los mapas de calor basados en la composición y abundancia de especies, mostraron que las comunidades microbianas de los tratamientos alternos a la quema son más similares entre sí, indicando que la adición de materia orgánica influencia la comunidad edáfica microbiana. La actividad de las enzimas proteasa y ureasa se vio afectada por la aplicación del consorcio de degradación y la forma de retorno del tamo de arroz al suelo respectivamente. Palabras clave: (Incorporación, cobertura, tamo de arroz, actividad enzimática, 16S rRNA).
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherInstituto de Biotecnología
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightsAcceso abierto
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados - Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.titleEvaluación de la diversidad taxonómica y funcional de la comunidad microbiana relacionada con el ciclo del nitrógeno en suelos de cultivo de arroz con diferentes manejos del tamo
dc.typeOtro


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